Immune checkpoint inhibitors are commonly used in clinical practice and have achieved good efficacy， but immune-related adverse events （irAEs） are often unpredictable and may lead to serious clinical consequences. Risk factors for irAEs include gender， body mass index， tumor class， drug type， pre-existing autoimmune disease， and tumor mutational burden； predictors are mainly immune cells， cytokines and chemokines， autoantibodies， genome， and gut microbes. By further investigating the mechanisms， risk factors and predictors for the occurrence of irAEs， guidance for the clinical prediction and management of irAEs is supposed to be provided.