The standard treatment mode for locally advanced operable esophageal carcinoma is neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy combined with radical esophagectomy. However， considering the clinical need for organ retention， the treatment strategies for those achieving complete clinical response after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy include watchful waiting （omitting surgery）， delayed or salvage surgery， and strengthened systemic treatment. These treatment strategies can significantly improve the quality of patients' life while ensuring local control and long-term survival. The feasibility and clinical value of these treatment strategies are deeply explored， hoping to provide new treatment ideas for this group of patients.