Karyopherin α2 （KPNA2）， a key protein molecule that regulates the exchange of substances between the nucleus and the cytoplasm， plays an important role in the nucleocytoplasmic transport pathway. In recent years， an increasing number of studies have shown that KPNA2 is involved in a variety of cellular life activities and plays a significant part in viral infection， cell proliferation， immune response and tumor metastasis. Further study of the mechanism of KPNA2 in promoting the hepatocarcinogenesis and exploring its role in the development of liver cancer may provide new ideas for the diagnosis， treatment， and prognosis of liver cancer.