Lung cancer has emerged as one of the most prevalent malignant diseases globally， characterized by the highest incidence and mortality rates. Thus， early detection， diagnosis， and treatment play crucial roles in reducing the mortality associated with lung cancer. Research has revealed that low-dose computed tomography （LDCT） screening significantly reduces the mortality rate of lung cancer among high-risk populations. Nevertheless， the expansion of LDCT screening initiatives has led to an increased detection of asymptomatic pulmonary ground-glass nodule （GGN）. This heightened detection rate may result in overdiagnosis， overtreatment， inappropriate utilization of medical resources， and heightened anxiety amongst patients.