[2] Galluzzi L, Zitvogel L, Kroemer G. Immunological mechanisms underneath the effcacy of cancer therapy[J]. Cancer Immunol Res,2016, 4(11): 895.
[3] Huang Y, Stylianopoulos T, Duda DG, et al. Benefts of vascular normalization are dose and time dependent-letter[J]. Cancer Res,2013, 73(23): 7144.
[4] Locy H, de Mey S,de Mey W,et al. Immunomodulation of the tumor microenvironment: turn foe into friend[J]. Front Immunol,2018, 9: 29092.
[5] Hammerich L, Bhardwaj N, Kohrt HE,et al. In situ vaccination for the treatment of cancer[J]. Immunotherapy,2016, 8: 315.
[6] Ma Y, Pitt JM, Li Q, et al. The renaissance of anti-neoplastic immunity from tumor cell demise[J].Immunol Rev,2017, 280:194.
[7] Sharabi AB, Lim M, de Weese TL, et al. Radiation and checkpoint blockadeimmunotherapy:radiosensitivition and potential mechanisms of synergy[J]. Lancet Oncol,2015,16(13):e498.
[8] Gandhi S, Chandna S. Radiation-induced inflammatory cascade and its reverberating crosstalks as potential cause of post-radiotherapy second malignancies[J]. Cancer Metastasis Rev,2017, 36: 375.
[9] Tsoutsou PG, Zaman K, Martin LS, et al. Emerging opportunities of radiotherapy combined with immunotherapy in the era of breast cancer heterogeneity[J]. Front Oncol,2018, 8: 609.
[10] Mukherjee S, Chakraborty A. Radiation-induced bystander phenomenon: Insight and implications in radiotherapy[J]. Int J Radiat Biol,2019, 95: 243.
[11] Frey B, Rubner Y, Wunderlich R, et al. Induction of abscopal anti-tumor immunity and immunogenic tumor cell death by ionizing irradiation-implications for cancer therapies[J]. Curr Med Chem,2012, 19: 1751.
[12] McKelvey J, Hudson L, Back M, et al. Radiation, inflammation and the immune response in cancer[J]. Mamm Genome,2018, 29: 843.
[13] Wennerberg E, Lhuillier C,Vanpouille-Box C, et al. Barriers to radiation-induced in situ tumor vaccination[J]. Front Immunol,2017,8: 229.
[14] Ebner K, Tinganelli W, Helm A, et al. The immunoregulatory potential of particle radiation in cancer therapy[J]. Front Immunol,2017, 8: 99.
[15] Manda K, Glasow A, Paape D, et al.Effects of ionizing radiation on the immune system with special emphasis on the interaction of dendritic and T cells[J]. Front Oncol,2012, 2:102.
[16] Deloch L, Derer A, Hartmann J, et al. Modern radiotherapy concepts and the impact of radiation on immune activation[J]. Front Oncol,2016, 6:141.
[17] Mole RH. Whole body irradiation-radiobiology or medicine?[J].Br J Radiol,1953,26(305):234.
[18] 刘超.NSCLC立体定向放疗和常规分割放疗的免疫效应及相关临床分析[D].合肥:安徽医科大学,2017.
[19] Gupta A, Probst UC, Vuong V,et al, Radiotherapy promotes tumor-specific effector CD8+ T cells via dendritic cell activation[J].J Immunol,2012,189(2):558.
[20] Rückert M, Deloch L, Fietkau R, et al. Immune modulatory effects of radiotherapy as basis for well-reasoned radioimmunotherapies[J]. Strahlenther Onkol,2018, 194: 509.
[21] Hellevik T, Martinez-Zubiaurre I. Radiotherapy and the tumor stroma: The importance of dose and fractionation[J]. Front Oncol,2014, 4:1.
[22] Arnold M, Flynn J, Raben A, et al. The impact of radiation on the tumor microenvironment: effect of dose and fractionation schedules[J]. Cancer Growth Metastasis,2018,11:1179064418761639.
[23] Jeong H, Bok S, Hong J, et al. Radiation-induced immune responses: mechanisms and therapeutic perspectives[J]. Blood Res,2016, 51: 157.
[24] Tsoutsou G, Zaman K, Martin S,et al. Emerging opportunities of radiotherapy combined with immunotherapy in the era of breast cancer heterogeneity[J]. Front Oncol,2018, 8: 609.
[25] Shevtsov M, Sato H, Multhoff G, et al. Novel approaches to improve the efficacy of immuno-radiotherapy[J]. Front Oncol,2019, 9:156.
[26] Kleibeuker A, Griffioen W, Verheul M, et al. Combining angiogenesis inhibition and radiotherapy: A double-edged sword[J]. Drug Resist Updates,2012, 15:173.
[27] Beyranvand Nejad E, Welters MJ, Arens R,et al. The importance of correctly timing cancer immunotherapy[J]. Expert Opin Biol Ther,2017, 17:87.
[28] Klug F, Prakash H, Huber PE, et al. Low-dose irradiation programs macrophage differentiation to an iNOS+/M1 phenotype that orchestrates effective T cell immunotherapy[J]. Cancer Cell,2013, 24:589.
[29] Schaue D, McBride H. Opportunities and challenges of radiotherapy for treating cancer[J]. Nat Rev Clin Oncol,2015, 12: 527.
[30] Ostrand-Rosenberg S, Horn A, Ciavattone G. Radiotherapy both promotes and inhibits myeloid-derived suppressor cell function: Novel strategies for preventing the tumor-protective effects of radiotherapy[J]. Front Oncol,2019, 9:215.
[31] Yin LM, Xue JX, Li R, et al. Effect of low-dose radiotherapy on abscopal responses to hypofractionated radiotherapy and anti-PD1 in mice and NSCLC patients nternational[J]. Journal of Radiation Oncology, Biology, Physics,2020,108(3):e563.
[32] Garrett M, Wang TJC, Cheng SK, et al. Combined versus sequential radiation and immunotherapy in advanced lung cancer[J]. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys, 2017,99(2):E455.
[33] Young KH, Baird JR, Savage T, et al. Optimizing timing of immunotherapy improves control of tumors by hypofractionated radiation therapy[J]. PLoS One,2016,11(6):e0157164.
[34] Zheng X, Fang Z, Liu X, et al. Increased vessel perfusion predicts the efficacy of immune checkpoint blockade[J]. The Journal of Clinical Investigation,2018,128:2104.
[35] Grassberger C, Ellsworth SG, Wilks MQ, et al. Assessing the interactions between radiotherapy and antitumour immunity[J]. Nat Rev Clin Oncol,2019,16:729.","bibtexUrl_cn":"//www.pitakata.com/xuebao/CN/article/getTxtFile.do?fileType=BibTeX&id=25","abstractUrl_en":"http://xuebao.sdfmu.edu.cn/EN/10.3969/j.issn.2097-0005.2021.05.002","qi":"5","id":25,"nian":2021,"bianHao":"1630374529147-924848960","zuoZheEn_L":"Liu Chengxin, Li Baosheng","juanUrl_en":"http://xuebao.sdfmu.edu.cn/EN/Y2021","clcIndexList_en":[{"code":"R730.55","text":""}],"shouCiFaBuRiQi":"2021-08-31","qiShiYe":"327","received":"2021-04-09","qiUrl_cn":"http://xuebao.sdfmu.edu.cn/CN/Y2021/V42/I5","lanMu_cn":"特邀专论","pdfSize":"5346","zuoZhe_CN":"刘成新, 李宝生","risUrl_cn":"//www.pitakata.com/xuebao/CN/article/getTxtFile.do?fileType=Ris&id=25","title_cn":"免疫时代肿瘤放疗值得关注的研究方向","doi":"10.3969/j.issn.2097-0005.2021.05.002","jieShuYe":"332","keywordList_en":["radiotherapy","immunotherapy","tumor microenvironment"],"endNoteUrl_cn":"//www.pitakata.com/xuebao/CN/article/getTxtFile.do?fileType=EndNote&id=25","zhaiyao_en":"Immunotherapy plays an increasingly important role in cancer treatment, especially immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy. However, due to low immunotherapy efficiency, a synergistic anti-tumor response may be produced through combined application with traditional tumor treatment methods. Among them immune combined radiotherapy is highly anticipated. Radiotherapy can directly or indirectly act on tumor cells by regulating the immune response in a variety of ways, such as inducing immunogenic cell death or changing the immune cell infiltration in the tumor microenvironment. Immunotherapy can also affect the effect of radiotherapy by regulating the infiltrating immune cells in the tumor microenvironment and the normalization of blood vessels. This article focuses on the interaction and theoretical basis between immunotherapy and radiotherapy, then analyzes in detail the effects of different doses and timely radiotherapy on immune response, and finally summarizes the problems and future development directions of radiotherapy under the influence of immunotherapy.","bibtexUrl_en":"http://xuebao.sdfmu.edu.cn/EN/article/getTxtFile.do?fileType=BibTeX&id=25","abstractUrl_cn":"http://xuebao.sdfmu.edu.cn/CN/10.3969/j.issn.2097-0005.2021.05.002","zuoZheCn_L":"刘成新, 李宝生","juanUrl_cn":"http://xuebao.sdfmu.edu.cn/CN/Y2021","lanMu_en":"Invited Monographs","clcIndexList_cn":[{"code":"R730.55","text":""}],"qiUrl_en":"//www.pitakata.com/xuebao/EN/Y2021/V42/I5","zuoZhe_EN":"Liu Chengxin, Li Baosheng","risUrl_en":"http://xuebao.sdfmu.edu.cn/EN/article/getTxtFile.do?fileType=Ris&id=25","title_en":"Research directions worth paying attention to in tumor radiotherapy in the immune era","hasPdf":"true"},"authorNotes_cn":["刘成新,主治医师,博士,主要从事肿瘤放射治疗学工作。李宝生,betway必威登陆网址 附属肿瘤医院副院长,研究员,医学博士,博士生导师,享受国务院特殊津贴专家,山东省肿瘤医院知名专家。中华医学会放射肿瘤治疗学分会委员会候任主任委员,中国医师协会放射肿瘤治疗医师分会会长, 中国医师协会毕业后医学教育放射肿瘤科专业委员会主任委员,中国抗癌协会肿瘤放疗分会副主委,中国临床肿瘤学会食管癌专家委员会委员,山东省医学会肿瘤学分会委员会候任主任委员, 山东省医学会肺癌多学科联合委员会主席, 山东省医师协会肿瘤放疗医师分会委员会主任委员, 中国北方肿瘤放射治疗协作组委员会主席。 擅长胸部肿瘤的放射治疗及综合治疗,以第一或通讯作者发表SCI论文百余篇,以第一完成人获国家科技进步二等奖1项,以第二和第三完成人获国家科技进步二等奖各1项,以第一完成人获山东省科技进步一等奖2项,二等奖2项,三等奖1项,以第一完成人获中华医学科技奖二等奖1项,三等奖1项。主持国家级课题6项,省部级课题12项,培养博士研究生29名,博士后8名。"],"authorList_en":[{"deceased":false,"name_cn":"刘成新","name_en":"Liu Chengxin"},{"deceased":false,"name_cn":" 李宝生","name_en":" Li Baosheng"}]}">

Research directions worth paying attention to in tumor radiotherapy in the immune era

Liu Chengxin, Li Baosheng

Journal of ShanDong First Medical University&ShanDong Academy of Medical Sciences››2021, Vol. 42››Issue (5): 327-332.

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Journal of ShanDong First Medical University&ShanDong Academy of Medical Sciences ›› 2021, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (5) : 327-332. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2097-0005.2021.05.002
Invited Monographs

Research directions worth paying attention to in tumor radiotherapy in the immune era

  • Liu Chengxin, Li Baosheng
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Abstract

Immunotherapy plays an increasingly important role in cancer treatment, especially immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy. However, due to low immunotherapy efficiency, a synergistic anti-tumor response may be produced through combined application with traditional tumor treatment methods. Among them immune combined radiotherapy is highly anticipated. Radiotherapy can directly or indirectly act on tumor cells by regulating the immune response in a variety of ways, such as inducing immunogenic cell death or changing the immune cell infiltration in the tumor microenvironment. Immunotherapy can also affect the effect of radiotherapy by regulating the infiltrating immune cells in the tumor microenvironment and the normalization of blood vessels. This article focuses on the interaction and theoretical basis between immunotherapy and radiotherapy, then analyzes in detail the effects of different doses and timely radiotherapy on immune response, and finally summarizes the problems and future development directions of radiotherapy under the influence of immunotherapy.

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radiotherapy/immunotherapy/tumor microenvironment

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Liu Chengxin, Li Baosheng.Research directions worth paying attention to in tumor radiotherapy in the immune era[J]. Journal of ShanDong First Medical University&ShanDong Academy of Medical Sciences. 2021, 42(5): 327-332 https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.2097-0005.2021.05.002

References

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[3] Huang Y, Stylianopoulos T, Duda DG, et al. Benefts of vascular normalization are dose and time dependent-letter[J]. Cancer Res,2013, 73(23): 7144.
[4] Locy H, de Mey S,de Mey W,et al. Immunomodulation of the tumor microenvironment: turn foe into friend[J]. Front Immunol,2018, 9: 29092.
[5] Hammerich L, Bhardwaj N, Kohrt HE,et al. In situ vaccination for the treatment of cancer[J]. Immunotherapy,2016, 8: 315.
[6] Ma Y, Pitt JM, Li Q, et al. The renaissance of anti-neoplastic immunity from tumor cell demise[J].Immunol Rev,2017, 280:194.
[7] Sharabi AB, Lim M, de Weese TL, et al. Radiation and checkpoint blockadeimmunotherapy:radiosensitivition and potential mechanisms of synergy[J]. Lancet Oncol,2015,16(13):e498.
[8] Gandhi S, Chandna S. Radiation-induced inflammatory cascade and its reverberating crosstalks as potential cause of post-radiotherapy second malignancies[J]. Cancer Metastasis Rev,2017, 36: 375.
[9] Tsoutsou PG, Zaman K, Martin LS, et al. Emerging opportunities of radiotherapy combined with immunotherapy in the era of breast cancer heterogeneity[J]. Front Oncol,2018, 8: 609.
[10] Mukherjee S, Chakraborty A. Radiation-induced bystander phenomenon: Insight and implications in radiotherapy[J]. Int J Radiat Biol,2019, 95: 243.
[11] Frey B, Rubner Y, Wunderlich R, et al. Induction of abscopal anti-tumor immunity and immunogenic tumor cell death by ionizing irradiation-implications for cancer therapies[J]. Curr Med Chem,2012, 19: 1751.
[12] McKelvey J, Hudson L, Back M, et al. Radiation, inflammation and the immune response in cancer[J]. Mamm Genome,2018, 29: 843.
[13] Wennerberg E, Lhuillier C,Vanpouille-Box C, et al. Barriers to radiation-induced in situ tumor vaccination[J]. Front Immunol,2017,8: 229.
[14] Ebner K, Tinganelli W, Helm A, et al. The immunoregulatory potential of particle radiation in cancer therapy[J]. Front Immunol,2017, 8: 99.
[15] Manda K, Glasow A, Paape D, et al.Effects of ionizing radiation on the immune system with special emphasis on the interaction of dendritic and T cells[J]. Front Oncol,2012, 2:102.
[16] Deloch L, Derer A, Hartmann J, et al. Modern radiotherapy concepts and the impact of radiation on immune activation[J]. Front Oncol,2016, 6:141.
[17] Mole RH. Whole body irradiation-radiobiology or medicine?[J].Br J Radiol,1953,26(305):234.
[18] 刘超.NSCLC立体定向放疗和常规分割放疗的免疫效应及相关临床分析[D].合肥:安徽医科大学,2017.
[19] Gupta A, Probst UC, Vuong V,et al, Radiotherapy promotes tumor-specific effector CD8 +T cells via dendritic cell activation[J].J Immunol,2012,189(2):558.
[20] Rückert M, Deloch L, Fietkau R, et al. Immune modulatory effects of radiotherapy as basis for well-reasoned radioimmunotherapies[J]. Strahlenther Onkol,2018, 194: 509.
[21] Hellevik T, Martinez-Zubiaurre I. Radiotherapy and the tumor stroma: The importance of dose and fractionation[J]. Front Oncol,2014, 4:1.
[22] Arnold M, Flynn J, Raben A, et al. The impact of radiation on the tumor microenvironment: effect of dose and fractionation schedules[J]. Cancer Growth Metastasis,2018,11:1179064418761639.
[23] Jeong H, Bok S, Hong J, et al. Radiation-induced immune responses: mechanisms and therapeutic perspectives[J]. Blood Res,2016, 51: 157.
[24] Tsoutsou G, Zaman K, Martin S,et al. Emerging opportunities of radiotherapy combined with immunotherapy in the era of breast cancer heterogeneity[J]. Front Oncol,2018, 8: 609.
[25] Shevtsov M, Sato H, Multhoff G, et al. Novel approaches to improve the efficacy of immuno-radiotherapy[J]. Front Oncol,2019, 9:156.
[26] Kleibeuker A, Griffioen W, Verheul M, et al. Combining angiogenesis inhibition and radiotherapy: A double-edged sword[J]. Drug Resist Updates,2012, 15:173.
[27] Beyranvand Nejad E, Welters MJ, Arens R,et al. The importance of correctly timing cancer immunotherapy[J]. Expert Opin Biol Ther,2017, 17:87.
[28] Klug F, Prakash H, Huber PE, et al. Low-dose irradiation programs macrophage differentiation to an iNOS +/M1 phenotype that orchestrates effective T cell immunotherapy[J]. Cancer Cell,2013, 24:589.
[29] Schaue D, McBride H. Opportunities and challenges of radiotherapy for treating cancer[J]. Nat Rev Clin Oncol,2015, 12: 527.
[30] Ostrand-Rosenberg S, Horn A, Ciavattone G. Radiotherapy both promotes and inhibits myeloid-derived suppressor cell function: Novel strategies for preventing the tumor-protective effects of radiotherapy[J]. Front Oncol,2019, 9:215.
[31] Yin LM, Xue JX, Li R, et al. Effect of low-dose radiotherapy on abscopal responses to hypofractionated radiotherapy and anti-PD1 in mice and NSCLC patients nternational[J]. Journal of Radiation Oncology, Biology, Physics,2020,108(3):e563.
[32] Garrett M, Wang TJC, Cheng SK, et al. Combined versus sequential radiation and immunotherapy in advanced lung cancer[J]. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys, 2017,99(2):E455.
[33] Young KH, Baird JR, Savage T, et al. Optimizing timing of immunotherapy improves control of tumors by hypofractionated radiation therapy[J]. PLoS One,2016,11(6):e0157164.
[34] Zheng X, Fang Z, Liu X, et al. Increased vessel perfusion predicts the efficacy of immune checkpoint blockade[J]. The Journal of Clinical Investigation,2018,128:2104.
[35] Grassberger C, Ellsworth SG, Wilks MQ, et al. Assessing the interactions between radiotherapy and antitumour immunity[J]. Nat Rev Clin Oncol,2019,16:729.
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