国际肿瘤学杂志››2024,Vol. 51››Issue (3): 143-150.doi:10.3760/cma.j.cn371439-20231109-00023
收稿日期:
2023-11-09修回日期:
2023-12-14出版日期:
2024-03-08发布日期:
2024-04-10通讯作者:
贾敬好,Email:
基金资助:
Sun Weiwei1, Yao Xuemin1, Wang Pengjian1, Wang Jing2, Jia Jinghao1()
Received:
2023-11-09Revised:
2023-12-14Online:
2024-03-08Published:
2024-04-10Contact:
Jia Jinghao, Email:
Supported by:
摘要:
目的基于血液学指标探讨接受免疫治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)患者预后的影响因素,以此构建列线图预测模型并进行评估。方法回顾性分析2018年1月至2020年6月在华北理工大学附属医院、唐山市人民医院接受程序性死亡受体1抑制剂单药或联合方案治疗的80例晚期NSCLC患者的临床资料。分别收集基线期、最佳缓解期和疾病进展(PD)期的血液学指标,采用Cox比例风险回归模型分析患者预后的独立影响因素。根据多因素分析结果构建列线图预测模型,并采用受试者操作特征曲线、一致性指数(C-index)和校准曲线评估模型的预测效能。结果截至随访截止日期,80例患者中63例PD,患者中位总生存期(OS)为16.9个月。单因素分析显示,年龄(HR=2.09,95%CI为1.17~3.74,P=0.013),治疗线数(HR=2.23,95%CI为1.21~4.12,P=0.010),基线期的淋巴细胞与单核细胞比值(LMR)(HR=0.75,95%CI为0.57~0.97,P=0.028),最佳缓解期的D-二聚体(HR=1.00,95%CI为1.00~1.00,P=0.002)、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)(HR=1.01,95%CI为1.00~1.01,P=0.006),PD期的血红蛋白(HR=0.97,95%CI为0.96~0.99,P<0.001)、D-二聚体(HR=1.00,95%CI为1.00~1.00,P=0.002)、C-反应蛋白(HR=1.01,95%CI为1.00~1.01,P=0.011)、白蛋白(ALB)(HR=0.91,95%CI为0.87~0.96,P=0.001)、中性粒细胞与淋巴细胞比值(NLR)(HR=1.16,95%CI为1.05~1.27,P=0.002)和LMR(HR=0.62,95%CI为0.42~0.90,P=0.012)均是接受免疫治疗晚期NSCLC患者预后的影响因素。采用最小绝对收缩和选择算子回归对单因素分析中P<0.10的变量进行筛选,得到9个可能的影响因素,分别为年龄,最佳缓解期的纤维蛋白原、LDH,PD期的血红蛋白、D-二聚体、C-反应蛋白、LDH、ALB和LMR。将上述变量进行多因素分析显示,年龄(HR=0.91,95%CI为0.86~0.97,P=0.004)、PD期的LDH(HR=1.01,95%CI为1.00~1.01,P=0.013)和ALB(HR=0.82,95%CI为0.67~0.99,P=0.041)均是接受免疫治疗晚期NSCLC患者预后的独立影响因素。基于上述指标构建的列线图模型预测患者1、2年OS率的曲线下面积分别为0.77(95%CI为0.65~0.89)、0.75(95%CI为0.66~0.88),C-index为0.71(95%CI为0.64~0.78),校准曲线显示预测概率与实际发生概率一致性较好。低风险组患者(n=40)的中位OS为29.9个月(95%CI为22.5个月~NA),明显优于高风险组(n=40)[13.4个月(95%CI为11.4~23.5个月),χ2=11.30,P<0.001]。结论年龄、PD期的LDH和ALB均是接受免疫治疗晚期NSCLC患者预后的独立影响因素,基于上述指标构建的列线图模型对预测接受免疫治疗晚期NSCLC患者1、2年OS率具有良好的区分度和校准度。
孙维蔚, 姚学敏, 王鹏健, 王静, 贾敬好. 基于血液学指标探讨免疫治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌预后因素及列线图构建[J]. 国际肿瘤学杂志, 2024, 51(3): 143-150.
Sun Weiwei, Yao Xuemin, Wang Pengjian, Wang Jing, Jia Jinghao. Exploration of prognostic factors and nomogram construction for advanced non-small cell lung cancer treated with immunotherapy based on hematologic indexes[J]. Journal of International Oncology, 2024, 51(3): 143-150.
表1
80例接受免疫治疗晚期NSCLC患者的一般临床资料[例(%)]"
一般临床资料 | 结果 |
---|---|
年龄(岁) | |
≤63 | 53(66.2) |
>63 | 27(33.8) |
性别 | |
男 | 64(80.0) |
女 | 16(20.0) |
ECOG评分(分) | |
0~1 | 72(90.0) |
≥2 | 8(10.0) |
吸烟史 | |
无 | 35(43.8) |
有 | 41(51.2) |
未知 | 4(5.0) |
病理类型 | |
鳞状细胞癌 | 41(51.2) |
非鳞状细胞癌 | 39(48.8) |
临床分期 | |
ⅢB~ⅢC期 | 25(31.2) |
Ⅳ期 | 55(68.8) |
放疗史 | |
无 | 48(60.0) |
有 | 32(40.0) |
治疗方案 | |
免疫单药 | 14(17.5) |
免疫联合 | 66(82.5) |
治疗线数 | |
1 | 37(46.2) |
≥2 | 43(53.8) |
表2
80例接受免疫治疗晚期NSCLC患者的血液学指标检测结果[M(Q1,Q3)/ $\bar{x} \pm s$]"
血液学指标 | 基线期 | 最佳缓解期 | 疾病进展期 |
---|---|---|---|
中性粒细胞(×109/L) | 4.63(3.20,6.05) | 4.16(2.63,5.51) | 4.45(3.36,5.28) |
血小板(×109/L) | 261.70±91.68 | 223.12±93.57 | 229.80±78.53 |
血红蛋白(g/L) | 131.27±16.65 | 124.33±18.21 | 126.39±22.60 |
嗜酸性粒细胞(×109/L) | 0.11(0.07,0.25) | 0.09(0.03,0.16) | 0.13(0.07,0.21) |
纤维蛋白原(g/L) | 4.14±0.86 | 3.72±0.78 | 4.02±0.95 |
D-二聚体(μg/L) | 212.00(103.50,395.50) | 152.00(86.50,277.80) | 181.00(115.00,608.00) |
C-反应蛋白(mg/L) | 17.30(5.60,33.45) | 5.75(2.20,17.58) | 14.30(4.83,36.18) |
LDH(U/L) | 222.00(179.00,284.00) | 210.00(166.25,246.25) | 207.00(175.25,296.00) |
ALB(g/L) | 41.23±6.03 | 41.67±3.93 | 40.53±5.66 |
NLR | 3.21(2.20,4.39) | 2.73(1.63,4.09) | 3.27(2.23,4.91) |
PLR | 170.35(131.32,229.47) | 149.16(100.39,225.99) | 169.79(122.19,236.74) |
LMR | 2.43(1.79,3.20) | 2.41(1.93,3.60) | 2.33(1.63,3.03) |
表3
影响80例接受免疫治疗晚期NSCLC患者OS的单因素分析"
因素 | HR值 | 95%CI | P值 | 因素 | HR值 | 95%CI | P值 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
年龄 | 2.09 | 1.17~3.74 | 0.013 | 血小板 | 1.00 | 1.00~1.00 | 0.640 | |
性别 | 1.01 | 0.49~2.11 | 0.974 | 血红蛋白 | 1.00 | 0.97~1.02 | 0.701 | |
ECOG评分 | 1.67 | 0.49~5.73 | 0.414 | 嗜酸性粒细胞 | 0.63 | 0.19~2.08 | 0.446 | |
吸烟史 | 1.16 | 0.64~2.09 | 0.629 | 纤维蛋白原 | 1.55 | 0.97~2.46 | 0.064 | |
病理类型 | 0.90 | 0.51~1.60 | 0.715 | D-二聚体 | 1.00 | 1.00~1.00 | 0.002 | |
临床分期 | 1.02 | 0.56~1.87 | 0.951 | C-反应蛋白 | 1.01 | 0.99~1.02 | 0.485 | |
放疗史 | 0.64 | 0.36~1.13 | 0.123 | LDH | 1.01 | 1.00~1.01 | 0.006 | |
治疗方案 | 1.51 | 0.78~2.90 | 0.222 | ALB | 0.93 | 0.85~1.03 | 0.151 | |
治疗线数 | 2.23 | 1.21~4.12 | 0.010 | NLR | 1.07 | 0.95~1.21 | 0.281 | |
基线期 | PLR | 1.00 | 1.00~1.01 | 0.354 | ||||
中性粒细胞 | 0.98 | 0.92~1.05 | 0.576 | LMR | 0.73 | 0.50~1.06 | 0.096 | |
血小板 | 1.00 | 1.00~1.00 | 0.289 | 疾病进展期 | ||||
血红蛋白 | 0.99 | 0.97~1.00 | 0.090 | 中性粒细胞 | 1.15 | 0.97~1.37 | 0.106 | |
嗜酸性粒细胞 | 1.06 | 0.75~1.48 | 0.754 | 血小板 | 1.00 | 1.00~1.00 | 0.900 | |
纤维蛋白原 | 1.31 | 0.91~1.89 | 0.150 | 血红蛋白 | 0.97 | 0.96~0.99 | <0.001 | |
D-二聚体 | 1.00 | 1.00~1.00 | 0.421 | 嗜酸性粒细胞 | 1.52 | 0.78~2.95 | 0.221 | |
C-反应蛋白 | 1.00 | 1.00~1.01 | 0.101 | 纤维蛋白原 | 1.28 | 0.96~1.72 | 0.094 | |
LDH | 1.00 | 1.00~1.00 | 0.138 | D-二聚体 | 1.00 | 1.00~1.00 | 0.002 | |
ALB | 0.99 | 0.92~1.06 | 0.735 | C-反应蛋白 | 1.01 | 1.00~1.01 | 0.011 | |
NLR | 1.05 | 0.97~1.13 | 0.228 | LDH | 1.00 | 1.00~1.01 | 0.055 | |
PLR | 1.00 | 1.00~1.00 | 0.699 | ALB | 0.91 | 0.87~0.96 | 0.001 | |
LMR | 0.75 | 0.57~0.97 | 0.028 | NLR | 1.16 | 1.05~1.27 | 0.002 | |
最佳缓解期 | PLR | 1.00 | 1.00~1.01 | 0.052 | ||||
中性粒细胞 | 0.98 | 0.93~1.04 | 0.555 | LMR | 0.62 | 0.42~0.90 | 0.012 |
表4
影响80例接受免疫治疗晚期NSCLC患者OS的多因素分析"
因素 | β值 | SE值 | Wald值 | HR值 | 95%CI | P值 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
年龄 | -0.09 | 0.03 | 8.10 | 0.91 | 0.86~0.97 | 0.004 |
最佳缓解期 | ||||||
纤维蛋白原 | -0.03 | 0.38 | 0.00 | 0.98 | 0.47~2.04 | 0.947 |
LDH | 0.00 | 0.01 | 0.24 | 1.00 | 0.99~1.01 | 0.626 |
疾病进展期 | ||||||
血红蛋白 | 0.00 | 0.01 | 0.02 | 1.00 | 0.97~1.03 | 0.891 |
D-二聚体 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.09 | 1.00 | 1.00~1.00 | 0.763 |
C-反应蛋白 | -0.01 | 0.01 | 1.23 | 1.00 | 0.97~1.01 | 0.268 |
LDH | 0.01 | 0.00 | 6.11 | 1.01 | 1.00~1.01 | 0.013 |
ALB | -0.20 | 1.00 | 4.20 | 0.82 | 0.67~0.99 | 0.041 |
LMR | -0.22 | 0.35 | 0.40 | 0.80 | 0.40~1.60 | 0.528 |
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