Abstract:Malignant melanoma is one of the most aggressive cancers. The pathogenesis of melanoma has not been well documented, which may restrict the research and development of biomarkers and therapies. Recently, with the further study of the pathogenesis of melanoma and the development of molecular biology techniques, some new biomarkers have been found to play an important role in melanoma. Several genetic and epigenetic factors have been identified as contributing to the development and progression of melanoma. Considerable efforts have been made to classify melanoma into distinct subtypes based on genetic mutations and gene expression profile offer important information on patients′ prognosis and individual treatment options. Epigenetic alterations can be used as a noninvasive diagnostic tool for melanoma and can be used as a new biomarker for predicting prognosis and predicting disease. And the discovery of biomarkers for melanoma provides a theoretical basis for early diagnosis, individualized treatment and prognosis.

Key words:Melanoma,Genetics,Epigenesis, genetic,Biomarkers