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M2 macrophage marker CD206 and tumor Li Yue, Gao Lei, Li Hongchang, Yu Hongjie, Zhang Yong Journal of International Oncology 2019, 46 (3): 174-177. DOI:10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-422X.2019.03.009 Abstract（ 13876） PDF（pc）（631KB）（ 4727） Knowledge map Save Tumorassociated macrophages exist in all stages of tumor progression, and stimulate angiogenesis and invasion of tissues. M2 macrophages are predominant. CD206 is a M2 macrophage marker with high specificity and plays an important role in tumor cell proliferation and metastasis. Studies have shown that CD206 is closely related to malignant tumors such as breast cancer, ovarian cancer, pancreatic cancer and prostate cancer. Deepening the research on CD206 has certain clinical guiding significance for expounding the formation mechanism of tumor immune microenvironment and finding more targeted drugs. Reference|Related Articles|Metrics|Comments（0）

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Mechanism of ferroptosis and its relationship with tumors Cheng Lin, Zhao Mingfeng Journal of International Oncology 2018, 45 (10): 619-623. DOI:10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-422X.2018.10.009 Abstract（ 3576） PDF（pc）（655KB）（ 2810） Knowledge map Save Ferroptosis is a new type of cell death discovered in recent years. This form of irondependent cell death is morphologically and biochemically distinct from other cell death modalities, including apoptosis and necrosis. This process is accompanied by the depletion of glutathione, a decrease in glutathione peroxidase activity and the accumulation of lipid peroxidation products. Studies have found that ferroptosis can be involved in the occurrence and progression of tumor by activating different regulatory sites in the signaling pathways, which can promote tumor cell death. Therefore, to clarify ferroptosis pathway and its related mechanisms regulating tumor development may provide new ideas for clinical treatment of tumors. Reference|Related Articles|Metrics|Comments（0）

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Journal of International Oncology 2020, 47 (11): 641-655. DOI:10.3760/cma.j.cn371439-20201015-00095 Abstract（ 2886） HTML（ 243） PDF（pc）（19845KB）（ 2984） Knowledge map Save Table and Figures|Reference|Related Articles|Metrics|Comments（0）

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Neoplasm oligometastasis and its therapeutic strategies JIANG Xue, YAN Sen-Xiang, XU Qiu-Yi, et al Journal of International Oncology 2013, 40 (8): 584-586. Abstract（ 2834） PDF（pc）（660KB）（ 1693） Knowledge map Save The oligometastasic stage is an intermediate state with mild biological invasion, in which spread may be limited to specific organs and not occour polymetastases. The number of metastatic tumors is limited less than five. Local therapy such as radiotherapy, surgery and radiofrequency ablation for the relapsed sites could thus improve patient’s survival. The expression of miR-200 family characterizes oligometastasis(es). Correct understanding and familiarization with treatment of oligometastasis may change the traditional therapeutic strategy of advanced tumors，and some advanced cancer patients may achieve curable results. Related Articles|Metrics|Comments（0）

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Application of bevacizumab for malignant brain edema Yu Lan, Zhang Xiaotao, Liu Li, Han Xiaona Journal of International Oncology 2017, 44 (1): 41-44. DOI:10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-422X.2017.01.011 Abstract（ 2823） PDF（pc）（709KB）（ 2432） Knowledge map Save Anti-angiogenic drugs such as bevacizumab can effectively alleviate the patients′ brain edema and clinical symptoms and improve the patients′ life quality by reducing vascular permeability and the blood-brain barrier damage. Bevacizumab has got positive efficacy in the clinical, so that it is considered as an effective and safe treatment for malignant brain edema. Related Articles|Metrics|Comments（0）

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Journal of International Oncology 2020, 47 (7): 444-445. DOI:10.3760/cma.j.cn371439-20191114-00054 Abstract（ 2465） HTML（ 52） PDF（pc）（920KB）（ 616） Knowledge map Save Table and Figures|Reference|Related Articles|Metrics|Comments（0）

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Chemotherapy and tumor immunogenic cell death LUO Cong, TAO Ning Journal of International Oncology 2017, 44 (5): 369-372. DOI:10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673422X.2017.05.011 Abstract（ 2179） PDF（pc）（670KB）（ 3020） Knowledge map Save Chemotherapy resist is the problem for clinic, and some researches find that chemotherapy with anthracycline and oxaliplatin not only induces the tumor cell apoptosis, but also the cell immunogenic cell death (ICD) by inducing the tumor cell apoptosis and releasing three kinds of signals: exposure of calreticulin on the cell surface to stimulate the dendritic cell (DC) to engulf, and the secretion of adenosine triphosphate to recruit DC to enter into tumor bed, and the release of the high mobility group B1 to promote DC to steadily bind with dying tumor cell to induce specific T cell antitumor immune response. It is with great meaning to promote the chemotherapy protocol by studying the ICD induced by chemotherapy. Related Articles|Metrics|Comments（0）

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Essential characteristics and functions of SLC25 family in tumor Cheng Siwei, Hu Jun, Xiong Wujun Journal of International Oncology 2018, 45 (8): 548-551. DOI:10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-422X.2018.09.008 Abstract（ 2124） PDF（pc）（672KB）（ 1670） Knowledge map Save The solute carrier protein 25 family (SLC25) is one of superfamily in solute carrier protein family. The members of SLC25 family function by transporting various solutes across the mitochondrial membrane. Their substrates vary in property, molecular size and mode of transport, and they closely involve in numerous physiological functions. More and more researches indicate that some members of SLC25 family are abnormally expressed in tumors, and some of them play important roles in the occurrence and development of tumors. For example, some members participate in tumorigenesis by regulating cell metabolism, death and proliferation. Reference|Related Articles|Metrics|Comments（0）

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Efficacy and safety evaluation of apatinib combined with albumin-bound paclitaxel in the treatment of elderly patients with relapsed and metastatic gastric cancer Gao Shuang, Hu Changlu Journal of International Oncology 2020, 47 (11): 669-674. DOI:10.3760/cma.j.cn371439-20200406-00098 Abstract（ 1988） HTML（ 27） PDF（pc）（4036KB）（ 274） Knowledge map Save ObjectiveTo observe the clinical efficacy and adverse reactions of apatinib combined with albumin-bound paclitaxel in elderly patients with relapsed and metastatic gastric cancer.MethodsA total of 72 elderly patients with relapsed and metastatic gastric cancer diagnosed in the Department of Oncology, West District of the First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science & Technology of China from June 1, 2017 to June 1, 2019 were chosen. The patients were divided into control group (n=36) and study group (n=36) using random number table method. The control group received only albumin-bound paclitaxel chemotherapy, and the study group continued oral apatinib based on the control group's chemotherapy, every 3 weeks for one chemotherapy cycle, a total of 4 cycles. The short-term efficacy, median overall survival (OS), median progression-free survival (PFS), serum carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), carbohydrate antigen 199 (CA199), carbohydrate antigen 72-4 (CA72-4) and adverse reactions were compared between the two groups.ResultsThe objective response rate and disease control rate of the study group were 55.56% (20/36) and 77.78% (28/36) respectively, which were higher than those of the control group [30.56% (11/36) and 55.56% (20/36)], and there were statistically significant differences (χ2=4.589,P=0.032;χ2=4.000,P=0.046). After 4 cycles treatment, the serum CEA, CA199 and CA72-4 levels in the study group were (12.5±3.3) μg/L, (35.6±6.7) U/ml, (13.5±2.2) U/ml respectively, which were lower than those in the control group [(22.8±4.1) μg/L, (55.6±7.4) U/ml, (21.7±3.4) U/ml], and there were statistically significant differences (t=7.008,P=0.017;t=9.365,P=0.008;t=8.862,P=0.011). The incidences of gastrointestinal reactions and myelosuppression were 38.89% (14/36) and 44.44% (16/36) in the study group, and 36.11% (13/36) and 41.67% (15/36) in the control group respectively, with no significant differences (χ2=0.059,P=0.808;χ2=0.057,P=0.811). The incidences of hypertension, hand-foot syndrome, oral mucositis and proteinuria in the study group were 27.78% (10/36), 41.67% (15/36), 27.78% (10/36) and 16.67% (6/36) respectively, which were higher than those in the control group [8.33% (3/36), 16.67% (6/36), 5.56% (2/36) and 2.78% (1/36)], and there were statistically significant differences (χ2=4.600,P=0.032;χ2=5.445,P=0.020;χ2=6.400,P=0.011;χ2=3.956,P=0.047), which could be tolerated after symptomatic treatment. The median OS and PFS of the study group were 18.2 months and 16.1 months, which were longer than those of the control group (11.8 months and 8.0 months), and there were statistically significant differences (χ2=6.821,P=0.015;χ2=5.868,P=0.018).ConclusionApatinib combined with albumin-bound paclitaxel is superior to albumin-bound paclitaxel single-agent chemotherapy in elderly patients with relapsed and metastatic gastric cancer, which can prolong the PFS and OS, and the adverse reactions are tolerable. Table and Figures|Reference|Related Articles|Metrics|Comments（0）

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Breast cancer molecular subtypes and its clinical significance YU Shuang-quan Journal of International Oncology 2012, 39 (6): 432-435. Abstract（ 1822） PDF（pc）（698KB）（ 4255） Knowledge map Save Breast cancer is regarded as a heterogenous disease classified into different molecular subtypes, resulting in different biologic behavior and sensitivity to treatment respectively. Molecular biology typing that based gene expression profiles and biological characteristics of breast cancer can reflect the biological behavior of tumors exactly, which has important clinical significance. Related Articles|Metrics|Comments（0）

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Advancement of targeted agents in the treatment of anaplastic thyroid carcinoma Wu Yuanyuan, Wang Jun Journal of International Oncology 2019, 46 (2): 98-101. DOI:10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-422X.2019.02.008 Abstract（ 1797） PDF（pc）（676KB）（ 843） Knowledge map Save Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC) is very rare and aggressive in humans, and its survival time is most often expressed in weeks or months. For now, there is no standard treatment for longterm survival, even if the multidisciplinary approach could prolong survival in some patients. The development of oncomolecular biology promotes the understanding about the pathogenesis of ATC from genetic level, and then providing a theoretical basis for targeted therapy. Some targeted drugs have been approved for the treatment of refractory advanced differentiated thyroid cancer, in the meantime, the clinical trials of targeted therapy bring new hope for ATC patients. Related Articles|Metrics|Comments（0）

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Thrombosis and thromboprophylaxis during chemotherapy in patients with cancer ZHOU Ying, GAO Yong Journal of International Oncology 2012, 39 (2): 120-123. Abstract（ 1777） PDF（pc）（622KB）（ 2109） Knowledge map Save Many datas show that thrombosis related events during chemotherapy in patients with cancer increase obviously. Thromboprophylaxis in patients receivingchemotherapyhasbeen shown to not only improve the hypercoagulable states andeffectively prevent thrombosis, but also have the potential antitumor effect and prolong the patient’s over survival. Related Articles|Metrics|Comments（0）

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Treatment of EB virus positive diffuse large B cell lymphoma Guo Yiwei, Liu Aichun Journal of International Oncology 2021, 48 (7): 385-388. DOI:10.3760/cma.j.cn371439-20200923-00075 Abstract（ 1743） HTML（ 50） PDF（pc）（2802KB）（ 299） Knowledge map Save Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) positive diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is a rare type of B cell lymphoma associated with chronic EBV infection. The main subtype is activated B cell-like and it's invasive. The response to combined chemotherapy is worse than that of EBV negative patients, and the prognosis is poor. As the researches on pathogenesis and biological characteristics of EBV positive DLBCL deepen, new therapeutic strategies are emerging, such as antiviral therapy, monoclonal antibody, inhibitors of signaling pathway and immunotherapy including cellular immunotherapy and immune checkpoint inhibitor. These new therapeutic strategies can improve the efficacy and reduce the occurrence of adverse reactions. Reference|Related Articles|Metrics|Comments（0）

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Common immune-related adverse reactions of immune checkpoint inhibitors and their management Li Hui, Yang Yu Journal of International Oncology 2021, 48 (2): 105-108. DOI:10.3760/cma.j.cn371439-20200828-00020 Abstract（ 1737） HTML（ 58） PDF（pc）（3093KB）（ 407） Knowledge map Save At present, immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are widely used in clinical, and the common adverse reactions include adverse reactions of skin, gastrointestinal tract, endocrine and liver. Adverse reactions to the lungs and heart are relatively rare, but can be fatal. Systemic steroid therapy is the main treatment for immune related adverse events (irAEs). If there is no response to steroid therapy, an immunomodulator may be considered. Understanding the incidence, pathogenesis, common types and treatment strategies of irAEs can provide theoretical basis for the safe application of ICIs in clinical practice. Reference|Related Articles|Metrics|Comments（0）

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Effects and mechanisms of bevacizumab-induced renal impairment He Yi, Xu Qunhong, Chen Xueqin, Pan Yuelong, Wang Ming Journal of International Oncology 2014, 41 (8): 602-605. DOI:10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-422X.2014.08.014 Abstract（ 1719） PDF（pc）（889KB）（ 1466） Knowledge map Save Bevacizumab has been widely used in tumor targeting therapy, while the most common adverse reaction is renal impairment, manifested as proteinuria. The main mechanisms may include interfering podocytesendothelial vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) axis signals, increasing glomerular pressure caused by secondary hypertension, subacute renal thrombotic microangiopathy caused by endothelial damage and so on. Thrombotic microangiopathy is the main renal pathological type, and other rare types include glomerular lesions, renal interstitial disease, and benign renal arteriolar nephrosclerosis. Therefore, urine protein excretion and renal function should be closely monitored during bevacizumab treatment period for timely treatment, dose reduction or even withdrawal if necessary to ensure renal function. Reference|Related Articles|Metrics|Comments（0）

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FENG Wei-Hong, ZHANG Bin, CAO Xu-Chen Journal of International Oncology

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Functional mechanism of SIRT1 gene in tumor Ma Wei, Lu Ying, Mao Jun, Zhao Wenyue, Li Lianhong Journal of International Oncology 2015, 42 (1): 40-42. DOI:10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-422X.2015.01.010 Abstract（ 1682） PDF（pc）（696KB）（ 1830） Knowledge map Save Sirtuin 1 （SIRT1）, the Ⅲ class deacetylation enzyme, is a kind of NAD+ dependent histone deacetylation enzyme. The role of SIRT1 in tumor has the duality. It can inhibit inflammation, tumor angiogenesis and interact with tumor related gene to inhibit tumor development. However, it can also regulate tumor related genes, and epithelialmesenchymal transition, promote tumor cell proliferation and tolerance of radiotherapy and chemotherapy, and maintain the stemness of cancer stem cells to promote tumor proliferation, invasion and metastasis. Reference|Related Articles|Metrics|Comments（0）

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Journal of International Oncology 2019, 46 (4): 253-254. DOI:10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-422X.2019.04.013 Abstract（ 1681） PDF（pc）（1830KB）（ 3588） Knowledge map Save Reference|Related Articles|Metrics|Comments（0）

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Mechanism and prevention of the formation of hypercoagulable state in patients with malignant tumor Zhang Guangming, Wang Zheng, Zhang Xuewei, Geng Ping Journal of International Oncology 2015, 42 (6): 445-447. DOI:10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-422X.2015.06.012 Abstract（ 1663） PDF（pc）（714KB）（ 2584） Knowledge map Save The majority of patients with malignant tumors have hypercoagulable state, which easily leads to thrombosis, and is closely related with recurrence of tumor metastasis. The formation mechanism of hypercoagulable state is related to tumor, tumor treatment, complications etc. The main diagnostic indicators are the platelet, cruor and fibrinolysis, Pselectin and lysosomal protein, blood rheology. Tumor patients with the high risk of thrombus should use low molecular weight heparin. Thromboembolism should be prevented in bedridden patients with tumor and tumor associated operation. Tumor patients with venous thromboembolism should be given thrombolytic treatment. Tumor patients with hypercoagulable state should be treated by anticoagulant therapy combined with chemotherapy. Reference|Related Articles|Metrics|Comments（0）

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ZHEN Ya-Nan, XU Zhong-Fa Journal of International Oncology