betway必威登陆网址 (betway.com )学报››2021,Vol. 42››Issue (1): 13-16.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1004-7115.2021.01.004

• 论著 •上一篇下一篇

2008—2018年中国甲乙类传染病流行病学特征

李沁林, 刘雪娜

  1. betway必威登陆网址 (betway.com ),山东 济南 250117
  • 收稿日期:2020-09-16发布日期:2021-09-01
  • 通讯作者:刘雪娜,博士,讲师,主要从事传染病流行病学研究,E-mail:xuena_liu@163.com。
  • 作者简介:李沁林,betway必威登陆网址 基础医学院临床医学专业在读。
  • 基金资助:
    山东省自然科学基金(ZR2020MH339);山东省大学生创新训练项目(S202010439127)。

Epidemiological characteristics of category A and B infectious diseases in China from 2008 to 2018

LI Qin-lin, LIU Xue-na

  1. Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Science,Jinan 250117, China
  • Received:2020-09-16Published:2021-09-01

摘要:目的 了解我国甲乙类传染病的流行病学特征和发病趋势,为制定此类疾病的针对性防治措施提供依据。方法 通过描述性流行病学方法,对2008—2018年我国甲乙类法定传染病的流行特征进行探讨。结果 2008—2018年我国甲乙类传染病的发病率呈整体下降趋势(χ2=7.422,P=0.006),死亡率呈明显上升趋势(χ2=8.096,P=0.004);2008—2018年11年间病毒性肝炎和肺结核发病率一直稳居发病顺位前两位,发病率显著高于其它类型传染病;四种不同传播途径甲乙类传染病的发病率顺位为:血源传播及性传染病(整体呈上升趋势,χ2=4.478,P=0.034)、呼吸道传染病(整体呈下降趋势,χ2=8.943,P=0.003)、肠道传染病(整体呈下降趋势,χ2=9.848,P=0.002)、自然疫源及虫媒传染病(整体呈下降趋势,χ2=0.207,P=0.649)。结论 目前我国部分法定甲乙类传染病发病率依然呈现上升趋势,死亡率整体亦呈现上升趋势,且新发传染病不断出现,甲乙类传染病的防控依然是我国的一项重大公共卫生问题,相关部门应该采取措施进行防控。

关键词:传染病,发病率,流行病学

Abstract:Objective: To understand the epidemiological characteristics and incidence trends of category A and B infectious diseases in China, and to provide supporting material specially for formulating preventive measures of these diseases. Methods: The epidemiological characteristics of category A and B infectious diseases in China from 2008 to 2018 were analyzed by descriptive epidemiological methods. Results: The incidence rate of category A and B infectious diseases showed a decline in the past 2008-2018 years. The mortality showed a significant upward. The incidence rates of viral hepatitis and tuberculosis in 2008-2018 were ranked the top two in the past 11 years, which was significantly higher than other types of infectious diseases; the incidence rates of four infectious diseases with various route of transmission (from high to low) were: blood transmission and sexually transmitted diseases, respiratory infectious diseases, intestinal infectious diseases and natural focus and insect borne infectious diseases. Conclusions: At present, incidence rates of some category A and B infectious diseases in China increase, so does the mortality. What's more, the emerging infectious diseases should be controlled efficiently by relevant departments as a major public health problem in China.

Key words:infections diseases,incidence,rate epidemiology

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