betway必威登陆网址 (betway.com )学报››2022,Vol. 43››Issue (10): 753-759.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.2097-0005.2022.10.006

• 临床研究 •上一篇下一篇

右美托咪定椎旁神经阻滞对胸腔镜手术患者应激反应的影响

杨朋朋1(), 颜华2, 田茂良3()

  1. 1.betway必威登陆网址 第二附属医院,麻醉科
    2.betway必威登陆网址 第二附属医院,急诊科
    3.betway必威登陆网址 第二附属医院,小儿外科,山东 泰安 271000
  • 收稿日期:2022-04-21出版日期:2022-10-25发布日期:2022-11-19
  • 通讯作者:田茂良
  • 作者简介:杨朋朋,硕士,副主任医师,研究方向:临床麻醉及神经阻滞麻醉, E-mail:aprilyxp@163.com

Effects of dexmedetomidine for paravertebral nerve block on stress during thoracoscopic surgery

Pengpeng YANG1(), Hua YAN2, Maoliang TIAN3()

  1. 1.Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University,Taian 271000,China
    2.Emergency Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University,Taian 271000,China
    3.Department of Pediatric Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University,Taian 271000,China
  • Received:2022-04-21Online:2022-10-25Published:2022-11-19
  • Contact:Maoliang TIAN

摘要:

目的探讨右美托咪定复合盐酸罗哌卡因用于胸椎旁神经阻滞(thoracic paravertebral nerve block, TPVB)对胸腔镜手术患者应激反应的影响。方法随机将90例2019年6月至2021年12月在betway必威登陆网址 第二附属医院行胸腔镜手术的患者分为3组,分别为对照组(C组)、盐酸罗哌卡因组(R组)、盐酸罗哌卡因 + 右美托咪定注射液组(RD组),每组30例。R组和RD组患者选择气管插管全身麻醉诱导前在超声引导下行TPVB(T4 ~ 8),R组在手术侧的椎旁间隙内推注0.5%盐酸罗哌卡因20 mL,RD组在手术侧的椎旁间隙内推注0.5%盐酸罗哌卡因 + 1 μg/kg右美托咪定复合药液20 mL。3组患者手术结束后均行静脉自控镇痛(PCIA)。对比3组患者气管插管即刻(t0)、手术开始后2 h(t1)、手术结束时(t2)及手术结束后24 h(t3)的心率(heart rate, HR)、平均动脉血压(mean arterial pressure, MAP),记录3组患者手术持续时间、手术过程中丙泊酚及瑞芬太尼的用量和手术结束后48 h内静脉镇痛泵患者自我控制(patient control analgesia, PCA)给药的次数,记录3组患者手术结束后1、6、12、24、48 h安静状态下及用力咳嗽时的视觉模拟痛觉评分(visual analogue scale, VAS),检测不同时间点3组患者皮质醇(cortisol, COR)、肾上腺素(epinephrine, E)、去甲肾上腺素(norepinephrine, NE)及血糖(glucose, GLU)浓度,对比手术结束后1天和7天内呼吸系统不良反应发生状况。结果3组患者手术持续时间比较,差异无统计学意义(P> 0.05)。R组和RD组患者在手术过程中瑞芬太尼的用量及手术结束后48 h内PCA给药次数较C组患者减少,而RD组患者手术过程中丙泊酚的用量、手术过程中瑞芬太尼的用量及手术结束后48 h内PCA给药次数较R组减少,差异均具有统计学意义(P< 0.05);与t0时比较,3组患者在t1~ t3时的COR、E、NE及GLU浓度均升高,差异有统计学意义(P< 0.05);与C组和R组比较,RD组在t2、t3时的COR、E、NE及GLU浓度均降低,差异均有统计学意义(P< 0.05);RD组手术结束后动脉血氧分压(PaO2)降低、肺炎发病率及急性肺不张发病率均低于C组和R组,差异均具有统计学意义(P< 0.05)。结论超声引导下行TPVB复合应用右美托咪定能增强盐酸罗哌卡因的阻滞作用,麻醉作用时间更长,可以明显缓解胸腔镜手术患者术后的应激反应,降低手术结束后肺部相关并发症的发病率,加速患者的康复。

关键词:胸腔镜手术,右美托咪定,胸椎旁神经阻滞,应激反应

Abstract:

ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of dexmedetomidine combined with ropivacaine hydrochloride on stress response in patients undergoing thoracoscopic surgery for paravertebral nerve block (TPVB).MethodsNinety patients undergoing thoracoscopic surgery were randomly divided into simple general anesthesia group (group C), ropivacaine group (group R), dexmedetomidine + ropivacaine group (group DR), with 30 cases in each group. TPVB (T4-8) was guided by ultrasound before general anesthesia induction in the group R and group DR. In group R, 0.5% ropivacaine 20 ml was injected into the paravertebral space. In the group DR, 0.5% ropivacaine + 1 μg/kg dexmedetomidine mixture was injected into the paravertebral space for 20 ml. Patients in the three groups were routinely connected with intravenous analgesia pump after operation. HR and mean blood pressure (MAP) were recorded in three groups immediately after tracheal intubation (t0), 2 hours after operation (t1), at the end of operation (t2) and 24 hours after operation (t3). The operation time, intraoperative dosage of propofol and remifentanil and the number of PCA self-controlled administration within 48 hours after operation were recorded. Cortisol (COR), epinephrine (E) and norepinephrine (NE) were measured at different time points in the three groups. Adrenaline (NE) and blood glucose levels were measured at 1 and 7 days after operation to observe the occurrence of pulmonary complications.ResultThe dosage of propofol and remifentanil during operation and the number of PCA self-controlled administration within 48 hours after operation in the group R and DR group were less than those in group C, while the dosage of propofol and remifentanil during operation and the number of PCA self-controlled administration within 48 hours after operation in group DR were less than those in group R (allP< 0.05); compared with t0, cortisol (COR), epinephrine (E) and norepinephrine (NE) in group 3 at t1-t3were lower than those in group R (allP< 0.05). The concentration of cortisol (COR), epinephrine (E), norepinephrine (NE) and blood sugar at t2and t3in DR group were significantly lower than those in the C group and R group (P< 0.05), and the incidence of hypoxemia, pulmonary infection and atelectasis in DR group were significantly lower than those in the C group and R group (P< 0.05).ConclusionDexmedetomidine for ultrasound-guided thoracic paravertebral nerve block can enhance the blocking effect of ropivacaine, prolong the blocking time, alleviate the stress reaction of patients undergoing thoracoscopic surgery, reduce postoperative complications, and improve the prognosis of patients, rapid recovery.

Key words:thoracoscopic surgery,dexmedetomidine,paravertebral nerve block,stress response