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  • Journal of Shandong First Medical Unversity & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences. 2021, 42(6): 476-480. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.2097-0005.2021.06.023
    急性心肌梗死即急性心肌缺血性坏死,是由于冠状动脉血供急剧减少或中断,使相应心肌因持久性缺血而发生局部坏死。发病机制通常是在冠状动脉粥样硬化病变的基础上继发血栓形成所致,其临床表现严重且持久,一般为数小时或数天的心绞痛,多伴有严重的心律失常、低血压或休克,是高死亡率的危急症。在临床实践过程中急性心肌梗死患者快速诊断标志物变得尤为重要。高敏肌钙蛋白T(high sensitivity cardiac troponin T,hs-cTnT)的高敏感性,可以更早发现心肌损伤。本研究结合近期发表的国内外相关研究,对急性心肌梗死的发生机制及诊疗作一综述。
  • Reviews
    Jinxia BAI, Ting ZHANG, Meiqi LU, Zhen LU
    Journal of Shandong First Medical Unversity & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences. 2022, 43(8): 631-634. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.2097-0005.2022.08.016
    Abstract(2428) PDF(1997) HTML(141) Knowledge map Save

    The incidence of ulcerative colitis (UC) is increasing year by year in the world and is listed as one of the refractory diseases by WHO. The cause of UC has not been thoroughly recognized. In addition to typical intestinal manifestations, such as abdominal pain, diarrhea, mucus pus and bloody stools, it can also be accompanied by multiple organ and multi-system parenteral manifestations, which seriously affects patients’ lives and work. In addition, patients with long-term UC have a higher risk of colon cancer, causing tremendous psychological stress on the patient and affecting physical and mental health. Therefore, the research on UC is getting deeper and deeper. Compared with clinical research and animal experiment research, the number of in vitro experiments of UC is small. By reviewing relevant literatures at home and abroad in recent years, the authors summarize the selection of UC model cell strains, inflammatory agents, and evaluation criteria for model establishment, aiming at a comprehensive understanding of UC in vitro experiments, and further development and innovation, thus providing a reference for the establishment and application of cell models in UC in vitro experiments.

  • Invited Monographs
    Xinyue XU, Xiuli JING, Hua TANG
    Journal of Shandong First Medical Unversity & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences. 2022, 43(9): 666-673. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.2097-0005.2022.09.002
    Abstract(1414) PDF(3394) HTML(47) Knowledge map Save

    Type Ⅱ innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) are a group of innate immune cells that have similar functions to type Ⅱ helper T cells (Th2) and can rapidly secrete Th2 cytokines. They play an important role in type 2 immunity. ILC2s can receive signals from epithelial cells, stromal cells, nerve cells and other immune cells, and then regulate the function of downstream effector cells, thus exerting important effector functions in barrier tissues, such as lung and skin. In this paper, the classification, development and main functions of ILC2s will be summarized, and the main research progress of ILC2s in recent years will be reviewed.

  • Reviews
    Yifan JIANG, Yang SUN, Yan ZHANG, Jing LI
    Journal of Shandong First Medical Unversity & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences. 2022, 43(9): 711-715. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.2097-0005.2022.09.010

    Intestinal flora forms a large symbiotic ecosystem with the host and regulates the immune status of the host by influencing the functions of various cells in the intestinal canal. The interaction between intestinal epithelial cells, immune cells and intestinal flora can induce specific immune response against harmful substances. Recent studies suggest that maintaining the balance between effector immunity and immune tolerance has become an important target for clinical treatment of immune diseases. Intestinal mucosal immune system forms immune tolerance by recognizing symbiotic bacteria in the intestinal tract, recognizes invading pathogens and activates effector immunity, so as to establish innate and adaptive immune systems in the intestinal tract. This review briefly summarizes the establishment mechanism of intestinal mucosal immune tolerance, the role and possible mechanism of intestinal microbiota in inducing intestinal mucosal immune tolerance, and the role of intestinal microbiota in inflammatory bowel disease, which can provide reference for the application prospect of symbiotic bacteria in the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease.

  • Clinical Researches
    Tian Nannan
    Journal of Shandong First Medical Unversity & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences. 2021, 42(6): 463-465. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.2097-0005.2021.06.019
    Objective: To compare the routine blood tests of venous blood and peripheral blood and analyze their clinical application value. Methods: Eighty patients with routine blood test collected in our hospital from February 2020 to October 2020 were selected and divided into two groups, control group and observation group, with 40 patients in each group. In the control group, peripheral blood was collected for routine blood test, while in the observation group, venous blood was collected for routine blood test, and the routine blood test of patients in the two groups was observed and compared. Results: The WBC in the observation group was significantly higher than that in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant.Compared with the control group, platelet (PLT), mean red blood cell hemoglobin content (MCHC), mean red blood cell volume (MCV), hemoglobin (Hb), red blood cell (RBC), specific volume of red blood cell (HCT) and other related indicators were all higher than the control group ( P<0.05). However, there was no statistically significant difference in MCH between the two groups( P>0.05).Blood routine test results showed that there was no statistical significance in RBC, WBC, MXD, PLT and other indicators detected within 3 h after venous blood collection compared with immediate test ( P>0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in RBC and WBC ( P>0.05),but MXD was significantly increased and PLT was significantly decreased ( P<0.05). Conclusion: In routine blood test, the effect of venous blood test is more stable, but the time of sending blood test should be strictly controlled.
  • Basic Researches
    Jian Li, Yuna Liang
    Journal of Shandong First Medical Unversity & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences. 2021, 42(10): 721-728. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.2097-0005.2021.10.001
    Abstract(798) PDF(1458) HTML(2559) Knowledge map Save
    Objective

    To optimize the prognosis assessment of breast cancer patients by developing proteomics signatures.

    Methods

    The protein expression profiles and clinical information of 879 breast cancer (BC) patient samples were downloaded from the TCPA and TCGA databases, respectively. We performed univariate Cox regression, lasso regression and multivariate Cox regression analysis to identify prognostic proteins and establish a prognostic model. Then, we further analyzed the differential expression and survival of the prognostic model protein, and analyzed the predictive performance of the model risk score. In addition, we analyzed all proteins related to prognostic model proteins.

    Results

    Based on the 224 proteins in the TCPA database, we constructed a prognostic model containing 6 proteins (CASPASE7CLIVEDD198, NFKBP65_pS536, PCADHERIN, P27, X4EBP1_pT70, EIF4G), and divided the patients into two groups according to the median of risk score. The overall survival rate was significantly different. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that the risk score was an independent prognostic factor for patients (P< 0.001). In addition, the nomogram and ROC are used to demonstrate the predictive performance of the predictive model. The protein interaction relationship showed that the proteins CASPASE7CLEAVEDD198, PCADHERIN, X4EBP1_pT70 and EIF4G showed obvious correlation with other proteins (P< 0.001).

    Conclusion

    Studies have shown that six key proteins may be considered as new targets for BC treatment, and the protein risk model can be used to predict the overall survival of BC patients.

  • Clinical Researches
    Min Jiao, Shuai Miao, Xiaoyan Xu
    Journal of Shandong First Medical Unversity & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences. 2021, 42(9): 685-690. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.2097-0005.2021.09.010
    Objective

    To systematically evaluate the efficacy and safety of Wuling capsule combined with Deanxit in the treatment of post-stroke depression (PSD), and to provide reference for the clinical application of drugs to prevent PSD.

    Methods

    Randomized controlled trial (RCTs) of Wuling caspule combined with Deanxit in the treatment of post-stroke depression were searched from CNKI,VIP,WanFang,PubMed and other datebases by electronic computer, and the deadline was September 2020.After the two researchers independently screened the literature, extracted the data and comprehensively evaluated the risk of bias included in this study, a Meta-analysis was performed on all the results using the Revnew 5.3 software.

    Results

    A total of 23 RCTs were included, including 2059 patients (1033 patients in the experimental group and 1026 patients in the control group).Meta-analysis results showed that the total effective rate of PSD patients in the experimental group was higher than that in the control group, with statistical significance (RR= 1.19,95%CI:1.14~1.24,P< 0.01).The Hamilton depression scale (HAMD) score of patients with PSD reduction in the experimental group was significantly higher than that of the control group and was statistically significant (MD= -4.74,95%CI:-5.13~-3.75,P< 0.01).The NIHSS score of patients with reduced PSD in the experimental group was higher than that in the control group and was statistically significant (MD= -2.33, 95%CI: -3.63~-1.02,P< 0.01).The Barthel index (BI) score of patients with increased PSD in the experimental group was higher than that of the control group and was statistically significant (MD= 7.09, 95%CI: 4.78~9.41,P< 0.01).The incidence of adverse reactions in the experimental group was significantly lower than that in the control group and was statistically significant (RR= 0.54,95%CI:0.41~0.70,P< 0.01).

    Conclusion

    Compared with Deanxit, Wuling capsule combined with Deanxit can significantly improve the curative effect of PSD, improve the neurological function, daily life ability, and have fewer side effects.

  • Invited Monographs
    Wang Xin, Chen Zhengtao, Tang Hua
    Journal of Shandong First Medical Unversity & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences. 2021, 42(5): 347-357. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.2097-0005.2021.05.005
    Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) are a new class of innate immune cells that are an important component of the immune system and were discovered more than a decade ago. They play an important role in regulating the immune response and homeostasis. According to the different transcription factors expressed and cytokines secreted by ILCs, they can be divided into three distinct groups: ILC1s, ILC2s and ILC3s. Among them, ILC3s mainly exist in the intestinal tract, and maintain the immune homeostasis of the intestinal mucosa by participating in promoting the formation of lymphatic organs, maintaining the integrity of the epithelial barrier, regulating intestinal inflammation, and promoting antibacterial response. The author of this article reviews the development, characteristics and pathophysiological functions of ILC3s in the immune system of the intestine and summarizes the main research progress of ILC3s.
  • YANG Wen-yan, ZHEN Tian-min, WU Min, SONG Kui-meng, ZHANG Jing-jing, YAN Jian-hua, SUN Na, KONG Chun-yan
    Journal of Shandong First Medical Unversity & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences. 2021, 42(2): 85-88. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1004-7115.2021.02.002
    Objective: To analyze the nurses' understanding of "Internet plus nursing service" and to explore the influencing factors of "Internet plus nursing service" development.Methods: One hundred and fifty-eight nurses from 6 general hospitals in Shandong Province were selected to conduct a questionnaire survey, and their understanding of "Internet plus nursing service" and the influencing factors of "Internet plus nursing service" development were analyzed.Results: Nurses who had no knowledge of "Internet plus nursing service" policies accounted for 49.37%,and 72.15% nurses had heard of the door-to-door nursing service platform, and 45.57% were willing to provide on-site nursing services. Regarding the provision of "Internet plus nursing services", 58.23%nurses thought that the "Internet plus nursing services" should be provided by the medical institutions with certain qualifications, and 39.24% nurses thought that it should be provided by the Internet information technology platform. Nurses who believed that the services provided by "Internet plus nursing service" should be demonstrated by experts accounted for 75.95%.In terms of specific services, the items in the "Internet plus nursing service" included basic nursing, rehabilitation nursing, psychological nursing, stoma care, specimen collection, injections, health guidance, catheter nursing, maternal and child care, Chinese medicine nursing and so on. The development of "Internet plus nursing services" was facing many problems, including relevant laws and regulations and the supporting management system, personal safety, hospital attitude, nursing manpower, the legality of the nurse practice, and the acceptability of residents. Conclusion: About half of nurses do not know the "Internet plus nursing" policy, and nearly half of nurses have the intention to provide on-site nursing service. Most nurses think that "Internet plus nursing service" should be provided by a qualified medical institutions,and the services provided should be demonstrated by experts. The problems of the development of "Internet plus nursing services" include the relevant imperfect laws and regulations and the supporting management system, hospitals support,nurses resources, nurses safety and the acceptance of residents.
  • Basic Researches
    Ke Cui, Yaru Kong, Chuanmin Ma, Zhenjie Zhang, Weifeng Shi, Chuansong Quan
    Journal of Shandong First Medical Unversity & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences. 2021, 42(9): 641-644. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.2097-0005.2021.09.001
    Abstract(690) PDF(147) HTML(7805) Knowledge map Save
    Objective

    Enterovirus 71 (EV71) is the main pathogen causing severe hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD), however, there is no effective antiviral drugs available. To screen mouse specific B cells expressing antibodies against EV71 by using EV71 VP1 protein as an antigen.

    Method

    The codon-optimized EV71 VP1 gene was cloned into pET-21a (+) expression vector and transformed intoE. coli.BL21-DE3. By optimizing protein expression and renaturation conditions, the expressed protein was confirmed by SDS-PAGE and Western blot and its antigenicity was also tested. Using purified protein as antigen, B lymphocytes of mice immunized with inactivated, and EV71 viruses were sorted by flow cytometry for the preparation of monoclonal antibody.

    Results

    The EV71 VP1 gene was stably expressed in the form of inclusion body in theE. coli. The purified protein showed good immunogenicity, and there was a significant difference between the B cells of immunized and unimmunized BALB/c mice when screened using the expressed protein.

    Conclusion

    The recombinant EV71 VP1 protein with good immunogenicity is successfully obtained and combined with flow cytometry, it can be used for detection and sorting of EV71 specific B cells.

  • Basic Researches
    Danya Zhang, Junli Xue, Boyan Liu, Geru Tao, Yunzhi Shi, Shucun Qin
    Journal of Shandong First Medical Unversity & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences. 2021, 42(9): 662-666. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.2097-0005.2021.09.005
    Abstract(661) PDF(1091) HTML(12798) Knowledge map Save
    Objective

    To investigate the alleviation effects of drinking hydrogen-rich water on the oral mucosal ulcer induced by 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and its possible biological mechanism.

    Methods

    Male SD rats were intraperitoneally injected with 5-FU (0.05 mg/g) for 2 consecutive days. On D3, rats were treated with NaOH particles or 20% acetic acid on buccal mucosa to establish oral ulcer model. From D5, the rats were given hydrogen-rich water, and the animals were sacrificed on the D10. The survival rates of rats in all experimental groups were counted, and the lesions of oral mucosa were measured by Image J software. The levels of TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β in serum were detected by ELISA, and the expressions of TNF-α, IL-6 and iNOS at buccal mucosa were detected by immunohistochemistry.

    Results

    Drinking hydrogen-rich water improved the survival rate of rats in the experimental groups. The damage area of ulcers produced by NaOH particles were larger than that caused by injection with 20% acetic acid (P< 0.05), but there was no significant difference in the damage area of ulcers with drinking hydrogen-rich water or not (P> 0.05). The serum levels of TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β of rats in model groups were significantly higher than those in the control group, while levels of the hydrogen-rich water group showed a downward trend compared with the model group. The expression of TNF-α and IL-6 at buccal mucosa were low in the healthy control and high in the model groups, while the expression in hydrogen-rich water groups showed a downward trend compared with the model group. The expression of iNOS at buccal mucosa was low in all groups.

    Conclusion

    Molecular hydrogen alleviates oral mucosal ulcers induced by 5-FU in rats possibly through inhibiting oxidative stress-related inflammation.

  • Clinical Researches
    Yuqin Lv, Lei Gao, Wen Xu, Menqi Qi, Jingjun Zhang
    Journal of Shandong First Medical Unversity & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences. 2021, 42(7): 508-515. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.2097-0005.2021.07.007
    Objective

    To find out key functional genes and molecular mechanisms related to the differential seizure frequency of temporal lobe epilepsy.

    Methods

    Different seizure frequency epilepsy transcriptome sequencing data GSE127871 were downloaded from GEO database, R language DESeq2 package was used for differential gene expression analysis,clusterProfiler package for Gene Ontology and Kyoto Gene and Genome Encyclopedia pathway enrichment analysis; STRING database was used to analyze the protein interaction network of differential genes; Cytoscape was used to screen key genes from the protein level.

    Results

    A total of 820 differentially expressed genes were analyzed through transcriptome data, including 332 up-regulated genes and 488 down-regulated genes. The biological processes of differentially expressed genes Gene Ontology were significantly enriched in membrane potential regulation and chemical and ion channel regulation of transmembrane transduction, neurotransmitter level regulation, etc; differential expressed gene Gene Ontology cell components were significantly enriched in synapses, neurosomal bodies, transmembrane transduction complexes, etc; Gene Ontology molecular functions were significantly enriched on positive activation of transmembrane transduction, activation of ion channels and gated channels, etc; KEGG pathway analysis was significantly enriched in neural activation ligand-receptor interaction, cholinergic synapses, and NF-kappaB signaling pathway etc. Protein interaction network analysis and hub gene screening showed that ADCY1, MCHR1, CXCL8, CXCL1, CXCL2 and CXCL3 genes were important hub genes;

    Conclusion

    The molecular mechanism of differentially expressed genes in temporal lobe epilepsy transcriptome with different seizure frequencies is mainly related to signal transduction of chemical neurotransmitters and ion channels between synapses . Studies have confirmed that ADCY1, MCHR1, CXCL8, CXCL1, CXCL2, CXCL3 and other genes are the key hub genes for temporal lobe epilepsy with different seizure frequencies.

  • Reviews
    Zong-fei YU, Li-han WENG, Cheng-cheng SUN, Xiao-yu CAO, Zhen YE
    Journal of Shandong First Medical Unversity & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences. 2023, 44(1): 74-80. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.2097-0005.2023.01.014

    In recent years, CRISPR/cas9 (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats/associated nuclease 9), a novel gene editing technology, has gained considerable attention and can be utilized to edit single or multiple genes in a variety of cells in vivo or in vitro, which provides a new way for the study of gene function. Currently, CRISPR/Cas9-based gene editing technology is widely used in frontier medical fields such as tumour therapy, providing new and specific treatments for patients who are intolerant to radiotherapy and chemotherapy or are already in advanced stages of malignancy. The Cas9 nuclease can be targeted by altering its single-guide RNA (sgRNA) sequence to bind to a specific new gene sequence. It has been found that the CRISPR/Cas9 system is at risk of off-targeting, that is, the specific sgRNAs can form mismatches with non-target DNA sequences, resulting in unintended mutations at the gene locus, which has become a challenge in the practical application of this technology. This review gives an overview of the mechanism of CRISPR/Cas9 system and the clinical application in tumor treatment with a focus on the off-target effects, and summarizes the ways to reduce or avoid off-target effects, in order to provide reference for researchers in related fields.

  • Clinical Researches
    Junping Huang, Zhiyu Zhou, Changji Xie, Huan Lan, Guang Li
    Journal of Shandong First Medical Unversity & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences. 2021, 42(8): 598-601. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.2097-0005.2021.08.009
    Abstract(635) PDF(232) HTML(4082) Knowledge map Save
    Objective

    To analyze their therapeutic effects ofVMRT and IMRT on patients with glioma.

    Method

    Ninety-four patients with glioma treated in our hospital from February 2018 to April 2019 were selectedand divided them into two groups. There were 47 cases in the control group and 47 cases in the control group;the 47 cases in the observation group were treated with VMRT. The HI,CI,clinical efficacy and survival rate of the two groups of patients were compared.

    Results

    The CI of the observation group was higher than that of the control group(P< 0.05),and there was no significant difference in HI between the two groups(P> 0.05);the objective remission rate of the observation group was 80.85%,and the control group was 61.70%. The difference was significant (P< 0.05);the half-year,one-year,and two-year survival rates of the observation group were 80.85%,72.34%,and 53.19%, respectively, and the control group were 59.57%,42.55%,and 29.79%,respectively,with significant differences (P< 0.05) .

    Conclusion

    The CI of VMRT is better than IMRT for patients with glioma. The objective response rate is higher and the survival rate within 2 years is higher, which is worthy of promotion.

  • ZHANG Hui, WU Xia, CHEN Xiu-ping, LIU Jia, LEI Lei
    Journal of Shandong First Medical Unversity & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences. 2021, 42(4): 289-291. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1004-7115.2021.04.016
    Objective: To investigate the clinical application of (V-SIMV and P-SIMV) in patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD) in initial invasive mechanical ventilation.Methods: Eighty-six patients with ACOPD combined with respiratory failure were randomly divided into control group (V-SIMV) and observation group (P-SIMV) in invasive mechanical ventilation with 44 cases and 42 cases respectively .At the initial time,V-SIMV+PSV was used in the control group and P-SIMV+PSV in the observation group.The peak airway pressure (Ppeak), mean airway pressure (Pmean), support pressure (PS), PH value, arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO 2)and effective rate were compared between the two groups 2, 4 and 8 hours after initial invasive mechanical ventilation.Results: ① The Ppeak, Pmean and PaCO 2in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group, and the Vte and pH values were significantly higher than those in the control group ( P<0.05).PS was slightly higher than that in the control group, but the difference was not statistically significant ( P>0.05).After 8 hours, there was statistical difference between the two groups of Ppeak and Pmean, but there was no significant difference in PS, Vte, pH and PaCO 2.② The chi-square test of two independent samples showed that the effective rate of the observation group (42/42) was 100%; the control group (32/44) 72.7%;12 cases(27.3%) were changed the mode, P≤0.001, and the difference was statistically significant. There were no deaths and discharged patients in the two groups.Conclusion: P-SIMV is more suitable for initial invasive mechanical ventilation in patients with AECOPD,and can improve the effectiveness of initial mechanical ventilation in these patients.
  • Basic Researches
    Qiwei Dong, Huayang Zhao, Shihao Ren, Pengjie Zhang, Yajun Hou, Leilei Mao
    Journal of Shandong First Medical Unversity & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences. 2021, 42(9): 645-650. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.2097-0005.2021.09.002
    Abstract(628) PDF(419) HTML(8729) Knowledge map Save
    Objective

    To investigate the effects of CDDO-EA (CDDO-ethylamide), a novel Nrf2 related factor 2 (Nrf2)?, on neurological deficit and microglia polarization after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) in mice.

    Methods

    Thirty healthy C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into sham group, SAH + PBS group and SAH + CDDO-EA (50 μg) group. The SAH model was made by middle cerebral artery puncture, and the mice were sacrificed 3 days after operation for neurological function score. Brain tissue was collected for frozen sections and the M2-type microglia cells were labeled with CD206/Iba1 by immunofluorescence double staining.

    Results

    The cerebral cortex of each group was collected 48 h after operation to detect the expression of CDDO-EA by Western blot. Compared with PBS control group, the expression of Nrf2 in brain of 50 μg and 100 μg treatment groups was significantly increased (P< 0.05).The mice received PBS or CDDO-EA(50 μg) after surgery by intraperitoneal injection. The neurological function score was evaluated 72 h after surgery. SAH mice had obvious neurological dysfunction, but the neurological function was improved after CDDO-EA treatment (P< 0.05). In addition, the numberof M2 microglia in cerebral cortex and hippocampus after CDDO-EA treatment significantly increased than that in vehicle control group.

    Conclusion

    CDDO-EA treatment attenuates neurological deficits after SAH, which may be achieved by up-regulating the expression of Nrf2 and promoting microglia polarization toward M2 phenotype.

  • Clinical Researches
    Xu Zhang, HongLin Yang
    Journal of Shandong First Medical Unversity & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences. 2021, 42(9): 680-684. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.2097-0005.2021.09.009
    Objective

    To observe the distribution of blood lipids during different gestation periods in Wujiang District of Suzhou City, to establish the reference range of this region, and to provide reference for clinicians to make decisions.

    Methods

    A total of 1388 pregnant women with single pregnancy who were registered in our hospital until their delivery to full term were selected as the research subjects. The blood triglyceride, total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein and high density lipoprotein of 11 to 13+6weeks of pregnancy, 28 to 31+6weeks of pregnancy, 35 to 36+6weeks of pregnancy and 38 to 41+6weeks of pregnancy were analyzed statistically to establish the reference range of blood lipids of pregnant women at various stages of pregnancy in the local area.

    Results

    The level of blood lipid during pregnancy gradually increased with pregnancy and obviously exceeded the level of non-pregnancy after the middle and late pregnancy.

    Conclusion

    Pregnant women have physiological blood lipid elevation, and the reference range of normal values in this area is defined by percentile method, so as to provide clinicians with reasonable interpretation of blood lipid results at different stages of pregnancy.

  • Basic Researches
    Qinxue Jing, Tianwei Wang, Jingyu Wang, Ya′nan Chen, Li Zhang, Xiaoyan Xu, Shaobon Pan
    Journal of Shandong First Medical Unversity & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences. 2021, 42(7): 501-503. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.2097-0005.2021.07.005
    Objective

    To explore the best preparation process of the double flower health oral liquid and to evaluate the protective effect of the double flower health oral liquid on stress-induced liver injury.

    Methods

    Important active components were extracted from ethanol extract of honeysuckle and chrysanthemum, the best conditions for the preparation of oral liquid oral liquidand suitable accessories were explored by designing the orthogonal experiment, and whether the oral liquid met the quality standards was detected .The effect of honeysuckle and chrysanthemum double flower oral liquid on liver stress induced liver injury in mice was further explored to evaluate the protective effect of the double flower health oral liquid on the induced liver injury. Establishment of stress liver injury mouse model by restraint load method, the activities of ALT in serum and the content of SOD and MDA in liver were determined to evaluate the hepatoprotective effects.

    Results

    Orthogonal test showed that the best preparation technology of the double flower oral liquid was: 8% the mixture of flower extract (honeysuckle∶chrysanthemum = 1∶1), 4% sucrose and 0.10% citric acid. The oral liquid prepared by this process accords with the quality standard stipulated in the Pharmacopoeia. The experimental results showed that the double flower health oral liquid had certain protective effects on induced liver injury, reduced the level of ALT, increased the level of SOD and reduced the content of MDA.

    Conclusion

    Through orthogonal test, the best prescription condition of the double flower health oral liquid is optimized, which accords with the quality standard of Chinese Pharmacopoeia. At the same time, the double flower health oral liquid can protect and improve stress liver injury in mice.

  • Clinical Researches
    Zhongwei Fang, Xianwei Zhou, Zhiqiang Cao, Yanfang Song, Gengpu Ren
    Journal of Shandong First Medical Unversity & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences. 2021, 42(9): 675-679. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.2097-0005.2021.09.008
    Abstract(619) PDF(101) HTML(10116) Knowledge map Save
    Objective

    To investigate the values of the differential diagnosis of peripheral blood neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet/lymphocyte ratio (PLR) and systemic immune inflammation index (SII) in healthy people, benign and malignant thyroid nodules.

    Methods

    172 patients with benign thyroid nodules and 285 patients with malignant nodules diagnosed in the Second People's Hospital of Liaocheng from January 2017 to October 2019 were selected as the research objects, and 199 patients with health examinations in the hospital during the same period were selected as the control group, the preoperative peripheral blood neutrophil count, lymphocyte count and platelet count were recorded, and NLR, PLR and SII were calculated, and NLR, PLR and SII in healthy people, benign nodules, and malignant nodules were compared byttest for the difference between groups, the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC curve) was used to determine the critical values of NLR, PLR, and SII in different groups.

    Results

    Except that there was no statistically significant difference between NLR and SII in the comparison of benign and malignant nodules (group Avsgroup B), the three indicators (NLR, PLR, SII) in the other three groups were compared with each other, and the differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05). The area of AUC was between 0.72 and 0.8. The sensitivity of NLR, PLR, and SII in the identification of healthy people and benign thyroid nodules was 85.9%, 92.5%, and 81.9% respectively. In the detection of healthy people and malignant thyroid nodules, the sensitivity in the discrimination was 70.4%, 81.9%, and 74.1%, respectively. The discrimination specificities in the benign nodule group and the malignant nodule group were 85.6%, 69.5%, and 83.2%, respectively, and the significance was significant.

    Conclusion

    The detection of NLR, PLR, and SII has a certain value to distinguish between healthy people and benign nodules and healthy people and thyroid nodules, but it is not significant to distinguish between benign and malignant nodules.

  • Basic Researches
    Meiling Chen, Hongling Xiao, Qian Wang, Yunjiu Xiao, Yiting Zhang
    Journal of Shandong First Medical Unversity & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences. 2021, 42(8): 573-578. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.2097-0005.2021.08.003
    Abstract(616) PDF(113) HTML(14363) Knowledge map Save
    Objective

    To evaluate the efficacy of Gandou Decoction in the treatment of hepatolenticular degeneration through Meta analysis.

    Methods

    Theonlinesearch for Gandou Decoction for treatment of liver peas and randomized controlled trial study of nucleus degeneration was made in the Chinese Journal Full-text Database (CNKI), VIP Chinese Science and Technology Journal Full-text Database (VIP), Chinese Academic Journals Database (Wanfang),Chinese Biomedical Literature Database (CBM),Pubmed in combination with manual search. After selecting the literature according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria,data extraction and quality evaluation,the RevMan5.3 software provided by the Cochrane Collaboration was used for meta-analysis.

    Results

    A total of 10 RCT studies were included,including 639 patients. The results of Meta analysis showed that Gandou Decoction was better than the western medicine group in terms of total effective rate,improvement of liver function,and 24 h urinary copper excretion in the treatment of hepatolenticular degeneration.

    Conclusion

    The treatment principle of hepatolenticular degeneration is to drive copper and protect the liver. According to the results of the study,Gandou Decoction has thedefinite effect of removing copper and protecting the liver. However,the current research evidence is still insufficient,and further studies with larger samples and higher quality are needed in the future in order to clarify the therapeutic effect of Gandou Decoction.

  • Basic Researches
    Jianjian Jiang, Rong Liu, Xingrong Shen, Anan Chen, Ting Zhu, Zhimin Xiao, Debin Wang
    Journal of Shandong First Medical Unversity & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences. 2021, 42(8): 561-567. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.2097-0005.2021.08.001
    Objective

    To understand the status of anxiety and blood pressure control behavior of patients with hypertension in parts of rural areas,andto analyze the relations among the anxiety,blood pressure control behavior and blood pressure.

    Methods

    277 patients with hypertension were selected from three administrative villages of Jieshou City in Anhui Province,self-made questionnaire and self-rating anxiety scale(SAS) were used to conduct face to face survey.

    Results

    The mean of the total score of anxiety scale was (38.27 ± 11.059),the detection rate of anxiety disorders was 14.9%.Comprehensive classification of blood pressure,increase exercise, age group and BMI classification were positively correlated with the total anxiety scores or dimension scores(P< 0.05),but dietcontrol and presence of complications were negatively correlated with the total anxiety scores or dimension scores(P< 0.05).Dysfunction of the body,dietcontrol,smokingcontrol, moodregulation,going out or not and age group of hypertension diagnosis were positively correlated with comprehensive classification of blood pressure or diastolic and systolic blood pressure levels(P< 0.05),but mood disorder,mixed cross symptom,drinking control and age group were negatively correlated withcomprehensive classification of blood pressure or diastolic and systolic blood pressure levels(P< 0.05).Comprehensive classification of blood pressure was the hinder factor of control diet(OR= 1.537 or 1.543).The total anxiety scores was the promotion factor of control diet〔OR(95%CI) = 0.959(0.919~1.000)〕,but was the hinder factor of increasing exercise〔OR(95%CI) = 1.032 (1.004~1.060)〕.Mixed cross symptom is the promotion factor of smokingcontrol〔OR(95%CI)= 0.805(0.683~0.949)〕and drinkingcontrol〔OR(95%CI) = 0.823(0.698~0.971)〕.

    Conclusion

    Anxiety affects blood pressure, and its behaviorcontrol and blood pressure also affect anxiety and behaviorcontrol.In order to control blood pressure better, we should relieve patients' bad mood and promote the implementation of blood pressure control behavior.

  • Basic Researches
    Xinrong LI
    Journal of Shandong First Medical Unversity & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences. 2022, 43(2): 85-89. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.2097-0005.2022.02.002
    Objective

    To investigate the expression and clinical significance of chemokine 8 (CXCL8) and forkhead box P3 (FOXP3) in the serum of AIDS patients.

    Methods

    Seventy-two AIDS patients who came to our hospital from May 2018 to May 2021 were selected as the AIDS group, and 60 healthy people who came to our hospital for physical examination during the same period and matched with the general information of the patients were selected as the control group. The general data were collected, and the age, gender, T lymphocyte subgroup CD4+, CD8+, CD4+/CD8+levels and serum immunoglobulin IgG, IgM, IgA levels of the two groups were compared. Real-time quantitative fluorescent PCR (qRT-PCR) method was used to detect the expression level of FOXP3 mRNA in serum, enzyme-linked immunosorbent (ELISA) method was used to detect the expression level of CXCL8 in serum, and Pearson method was used to analyze the correlation between CXCL8 and FOXP3 expression. Receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) was used to evaluate the diagnostic value of serum CXCL8 and FOXP3 levels for AIDS.

    Results

    Compared with the control group, the serum CXCL8 expression level in the AIDS group was significantly up-regulated, and the FOXP3 mRNA expression level was down-regulated, the difference was statistically significant (P< 0.05), and the CXCL8 and FOXP3 mRNA expression levels were significantly negatively correlated (r= -0.350,P< 0.05); the levels of CD4+, CD8+, CD4+/CD8+in serum of AIDS patients were significantly lower than those of healthy people, and the levels of IgG, IgM and IgA were significantly higher than those of healthy people, which showed statistical significance (P< 0.05); CXCL8 expression was negatively correlated with CD4+, CD8+, CD4+/CD8+P< 0.05), positively correlated with IgG, IgM, and IgA (P< 0.05), FOXP3 mRNA was positively correlated with CD4+, CD8+and CD4+/CD8+expressions (P< 0.05), and negatively correlated with the expressions of IgG, IgM and IgA (P< 0.05). The combined prediction of serum CXCL8 and FOXP3 levels in AIDS patients was 0.981 (95%CI: 0.940 ~ 0.997), with sensitivity at 98.61% and specificity at 91.67%, which were significantly higher than CXCL8 and FOXP3 alone.

    Conclusion

    CXCL8 is highly expressed in the serum of AIDS patients, and FOXP3 is low. The two are obviously negatively correlated, and are closely related to the occurrence and development of AIDS, which are of great significance for the diagnosis of AIDS patients.

  • Clinical Researches
    Yaodan Ban, Meng Xu, Jing Jin, Deting Ma
    Journal of Shandong First Medical Unversity & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences. 2021, 42(9): 670-674. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.2097-0005.2021.09.007
    Abstract(608) PDF(135) HTML(3944) Knowledge map Save
    Objective

    To evaluate the effects of diffuse excessive high signal intensity (DEHSI) and periventricular leukomalacia (PVL) on brain development maturity of premature infants by total maturational scores (TMS).

    Methods

    Retrospective analysis was performed on the craniocerebral MR images of 68 neonates, which were divided into three groups: normal preterm infants group, DEHSI group and PVL group (adjusted gestational age: 37-44 weeks). The craniocerebral MR images of each newborn were evaluated by the TMS. The TMS scores were compared between the groups.

    Results

    There were statistically significant differences in myelination, cortical infolding and TMS scores between the normal preterm infants and the DEHSI preterm infants (P< 0.05);In the scores of myelination, cortical infolding and TMS, the order from high to low was normal preterm infants group, PVL infants group, DEHSI preterm infants group;There were no statistically significant differences in germinal matrix and migrating glial cells scores between any two groups (P> 0.05);

    Conclusion

    The presence of DEHSI and PVL in the white matter of preterm infants affects the developmental maturity of the brain, and DEHSI and PVL have different effects on the developmental maturity of the brain. DEHSI does delay the developmental maturity of the brain.

  • Basic Researches
    Liang Ge, Shaofeng Liu
    Journal of Shandong First Medical Unversity & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences. 2021, 42(7): 481-487. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.2097-0005.2021.07.001
    Abstract(606) PDF(111) HTML(2315) Knowledge map Save
    Objective

    To investigat the effect of follistation(FST) expression on hypopharyngeal carcinoma(HPC) tissues and cell lines.

    Methods

    A total of 60 patients with HPC in the Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College from August 2010 to December 2017 were recruited for this study. Levels of FST mRNA and protein were measured by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and immunohistochemistry in HPC tissue samples and by qPCR in the HPC FaDu cells, as well as immortal nasopharyngeal epithelial cell line NP-69 cells. After silencing the FST expression in FaDu cells using lentivirus-mediated siRNA that was specific for FST mRNA, cell proliferation was determined by the Celigo assay. Tumor growth was monitored in nude mice and viability was determined by MTT assay. The ratio of cell cycle arrest and apoptosis was carried out by flow cytometry. The colony formation ability was performed using Giemsa staining. In addition, wound healing assay were performed for analysis of cell motility. Furthermore, the putative mechanism of the effect of FST knockdown was analyzed using PathScan stress and apoptosis signaling array kit, and qPCR.

    Results

    FST expression was significantly higher in human HPC tissue and FaDu cells when compared with normal tissue and NP-69 cells. A higher expression of FST in HPC samples was positively correlated with advanced tumors. Moreover, FST knockdown by shRNA significantly decreased cell growth, colony formation, and migration. Furthermore, FST silencing increased the cell apoptosis percentage, and arrested cell cycle in the G0/G1 and S phases in FaDu cells. FST silencing also suppressed tumor growthin vivoand might involve upregulating ERK1/2 and caspase signals.

    Conclusion

    Our results indicate that the FST gene is associated with HPC progression, and may serve as a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of HPC.

  • Invited Monographs
    Junying HOU, Jiaying WANG, Bin SHI
    Journal of Shandong First Medical Unversity & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences. 2023, 44(4): 241-248. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.2097-0005.2023.04.001

    Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) is a common knee degenerative disease. In Western medicine, anti-inflammatory pain relief, surgery and other symptomatic treatment are commonly used; Chinese medicine is widely used in clinic because of its advantages of low side effects and high safety. Although TCM and Western medicine have different theoretical systems, both improve the clinical symptoms of KOA patients to some extent by virtue of their respective therapeutic advantages. After the domestic and foreign literature has been reviewed, the commonly used clinical means of traditional Chinese and western medicine in the treatment of KOA are summarized, providing certain reference for the clinical treatment of KOA.

  • XU Dong
    Journal of Shandong First Medical Unversity & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences. 2021, 42(4): 301-304. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1004-7115.2021.04.020
    Objective: To investigate the clinical effect of Liuwei Dihuang Pill on relieving menopausal osteoporosis pain and improving bone metabolism.Methods: Eighty cases of women with menopausal osteoporosis were chosen and divided into observation group ( n=40) and the control group ( n=40) by random number table method, control group received continuous oral calcium carbonate + vitamin AD treatment, while the treatment group also had bolus of Liuwei Dihuang Pill on the basis of control group therapy, and the course was 3 months. Visual analog pain score(VAS), digital pain score(NRS), low back function score(JOA), Oswestry disability scale(ODI) changes and the differences of bone metabolism including mineral density(BMD), blood calcium(Ca), blood phosphorus(P) in patients of the two groups were observed.Results: Before treatment, there was no significant difference in pain score and bone metabolism between the two groups ( P>0.05).After 3 months of treatment, VAS, NRS, JOA and ODI scores in both groups were reduced, but the improvement of scores in the treatment group was significantly higher than that in the control group, with statistically significant difference ( P<0.001). BMD, blood Ca levels in both groups were improved, while the improvement in the treatment group was significantly higher than that in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant( P<0.001).Conclusion: Liuwei Dihuang Pill can effectively improve the clinical symptoms of menopausal osteoporosis pain, and reduce osteoporosis by improving bone metabolism, which has a good clinical effect and is worthy of further study and promotion.
  • Invited Monographs
    Niu Panhong, Wang Yan, Liu Yingying, Zhang Jie, Zhang Shuping, Liu Sijin
    Journal of Shandong First Medical Unversity & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences. 2021, 42(5): 333-339. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.2097-0005.2021.05.003
    Nano-drug delivery for tumor therapy has promoted the development of nanomaterials in the realm of biomedicine. Among them, iron-based magnetic nanomaterials have the advantages of good magnetism, excellent biocompatibility, and easy functional modification of the surface. As a nanocarrier, iron-based magnetic nanomaterials have received extensive attention and achieved rapid development in tumor therapy. Although there is a systematic understanding of Fe 3O 4magnetic nanocarriers, the comprehensive and systematic understanding of iron-based magnetic nanoparticles carriers still needs to be strengthened. With the rapid development of tumor nano-drug delivery system design, it is urgent to systematically review the preparation process and mechanism of iron-based magnetic nanocarriers. In addition, ferroptosis, as a new type of cell death, receives much more attention in the role of occurrence and development of tumors and other chronic diseases, and the effect of iron-based magnetic nanoparticles on ferroptosis in tumor treatment applications remains to be elucidated. This review systematically introduces the development, types and preparation methods of iron-based magnetic nanometer drug-loading platforms, and detailedly summarizes the application of iron-based magnetic nanoparticles in the integration of tumor diagnosis and treatment, including magnetic field-assisted targeting, magnetic resonance imaging, and magnetocaloric therapy , and the mechanism of ferroptosis caused by the Fenton reaction is also iilustrated.
  • Clinical Researches
    Miao Shuai, Jiao Min, Xu Xiaoyan
    Journal of Shandong First Medical Unversity & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences. 2021, 42(5): 390-395. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.2097-0005.2021.05.012
    Objective: To systemically evaluate shugan jieyu capsule combined with escitalopram efficacy and safety in the treatment of depression,and to provide reference for guiding its clinical application.Methods: Databases, including CNKI, WanFang, VIP and PubMed Data, were retrieved by two assessors independently so as to retrieve randomized controlled trials(RCTs)on Shugan Jieyu Capsule combined with escitalopram in treating depression.Data were extracted according to inclusion and exclusion criteria, and RevMan 5.3 software was used for quality evaluation and meta analysis of the included literature. Results: A total of 836 subjects were included in 10 RCTs. Meta analysis results showed that the experimental group (Shugan Jieyu Capsule combined with escitalopram) had better clinical efficacy, and the total response rate [OR=3.15,95%CI(2.08,4.79),P<0.000 01]was statistically significant compared with the control group (escitalopram alone). In trems of HAMD score before and after treatment, [MD=-3.03,95%CI(-4.59,-1.47),P=0.000 1], the difference was statistically significant.Results of adverse reaction incidence [OR=0.74,95%CI(0.50,1.08),P=0.12] showed that the difference was not statistically significant.Conclusion: Shugan Jieyu Capsule combined with escitalopram has a good effect in the treatment of depression, and can significantly reduce patients' HAMD score, which has a good application prospect.
  • Suqing Wei, Ruowei Wang, Tingting Tian, Ying Shan, Tao Shi, Shixue Li
    Journal of Shandong First Medical Unversity & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences. 2021, 42(9): 702-705. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.2097-0005.2021.09.013
    Objective

    To analyze the financing level and structure of the total health expenditure of 31 provincial administrative regions in Inland China from 2014 to 2018 from the perspective of time and space,and to discuss the regional differences.

    Methods

    The longitudinal changes of health financing level and structure in China were analyzed. Meanwhile, ArcGIS10.2 software was used to conduct spatial autocorrelation analysis on health financing structure data of 31 provinces.

    Results

    From 2014 to 2018, China's health financing level was constantly improved, and the financing structure was optimized, but the regional differences between provinces were still obvious.

    Conclusion

    In the future, the focus of China's health work will still need to improve the level of health financing, optimize the financing structure, analyze specific roblems, pay attention to the regional differences of health financing structure, and solve the unfairness of health financing.

  • Clinical Researches
    Lei LIU, Xiaolong LI, Yinghua GAO, Jiahui ZHENG, Fan YANG, Ruochen WU, Xiaoyu ZHANG, Shupeng ZHANG
    Journal of Shandong First Medical Unversity & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences. 2022, 43(12): 932-937. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.2097-0005.2022.12.009

    ObjectiveTo summarize the clinical pathological characteristics,immunohistochemistry, molecular genetic changes, treatment and prognosis of monomorphic epitheliotropic intestinal T-cell lymphoma (MEITL).MethodsA total of 3 patients with MEITL in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University were collected from 2018 to 2022. Hematoxylin eosin staining, immunohistochemistry staining, in situ hybridization and clonal rearrangement of T cell receptor (TCR) gene were used to detect their histopathological features. The diagnosis and treatment as well as prognosis of the patients were reviewed, and their clinical pathological characteristics were analyzed.ResultsAll three patients lesions were located in the small intestine,and one of them infiltrated multisegmental small intestine, sigmoid colon, uterus and bladder. They had abdominal distension, abdominal pain, intestinal perforation and diffuse peritonitis at the time of admission, and two of them had fever. They were all treated by surgery, one patient also received chemotherapy, and all three patients died. Pathological characteristics showed that tumor cells grew diffusely and infiltrated the whole layer of the intestinal wall. The tumor cells had a single morphology, small to medium sizes, lightly stained cytoplasm, round nuclei, inconspicuous nucleoli, and exquisite chromatin. “Epitheliotropic phenomenon” were seen, together with mitotic figures and the formation of necrosis. Immunohistochemistry showed that CD3, CD8, CD56, Bcl-2 and TIA-1 were positive; CD4 was negative in 2 cases and partially positive in 1 case.CD20 was negative in 2 cases and partially weak positive in 1 case;Granzyme B was negative in 2 cases and scatteredly positive in 1 case;CD45RO was partially positive in all 3 cases;CD21, PAX-5 and CD5 were negative, the proliferation index of Ki-67 was 40% ~ 70% . In situ hybridization showed that small RNA encoded by Epstein Barr virus was negative and there was no EB virus infection.TCR rearrangement was positive in all 3 cases.ConclusionMETCL is a rare highly aggressive T-cell lymphoma, most of which is located in the small intestine, prone to intestinal perforation, with rapid progression and poor prognosis. The diagnosis should be comprehensively judged based on the combination of clinical manifestations, pathological features, immunohistochemistry, and gene detection results. The prognosis of patients with serious complications is very poor. The patients who have an early diagnosis, timely operation and good chemotherapy reaction have a relatively long survival time.

  • Clinical Researches
    Ruhui LIU, Kuan CHENG, Fangfang ZHENG, Zhaohui HU
    Journal of Shandong First Medical Unversity & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences. 2022, 43(4): 261-266. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.2097-0005.2022.04.004
    Objective

    To explore the relationship between blood manganese concentration and the incidence of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) as well as individual CVDs in adults.

    Methods

    We initially integrated the data in National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 2011 to 2018. 4 005 adults agd between 20 and 60 years old were recruited based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The relationship between manganese concentration and the prevalence of CVD was analyzed by constructing generalized linear models and restricted cubic spline curves.

    Results

    Compared with the lowest quartile, the modified odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for CVD prevalence across the manganese quartiles were 1.066 (0.699,1.699), 1.105 (0.639,1.613), and 0.591 (0.376,0.930) respectively. In the full adjusted model, the incidence of total CVD decreased initially and increased when manganese concentration was over 9.59 μg/L. A restricted cubic spline curve was used to show a nonlinear “U” shape relationship between manganese concentration and CVD.

    Conclusion

    Based on adults, blood manganese concentration was associated with CVD prevalence. Maintaining manganese concentration at 9.59 μg/L can be beneficial for the heart.

  • Journal of Shandong First Medical Unversity & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences. 2021, 42(5): 358-361. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.2097-0005.2021.05.006
  • Basic Researches
    Qiuzhi WANG, Yao JIN, Jiachao PAN, Shuhong ZHANG
    Journal of Shandong First Medical Unversity & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences. 2022, 43(6): 401-407. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.2097-0005.2022.06.001
    Abstract(588) PDF(150) HTML(1022) Knowledge map Save
    Objective

    To find serum markers which are easy to elevate, less invasive and at low cost in order to identify HCC at an early stage and take active and effective treatment by establishing a diagnostic model with multivariate regression analysis which helps to improve the patient′s cure rate and survival rate.

    Methods

    In this retrospective study, 188 patients with chronic HBV infection who were treated in Jinan Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University between 2017 and 2020 were enrolled. There are 150 patients with HBV infection in non-liver cancer group; 38 patients were included in the HBV infection related liver cancer group. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 25.0 and Stata se 15.0 software to compare the general data, conventional, biochemical and virological parameters detected after admission. The best model was selected by plotting receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) and comparing the area under the curve (AUC) to calculate the sensitivity and specificity through univariate screening and multi-factor logical regression analysis.

    Results

    In this study, we developed a logistic regression model of the combined serological indicators: SA, AST, GGT, AFP and HBsAg. The AUC was the largest at 0.943, which was significantly higher than the AUC = 0.816 (P= 0.004) of the single item of AFP with no cross-over with other curves. Sensitivity was 83.9%, and specificity was 92%.

    Conclusion

    For patients with HBV infection, the regression model established by comprehensive serological parameters: SA, GGT, AST, HBsAg and AFP has a good diagnostic efficiency for diagnosing HCC.

  • Basic Researches
    Mingli HAN, Dan TIAN, Xinyu CHE, Jinyi YU, Ang XIAO, Guojun PAN, Na XIAO
    Journal of Shandong First Medical Unversity & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences. 2022, 43(3): 172-177. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.2097-0005.2022.03.003
    Objective

    To elucidate the main active components and targets ofLonicerae japonicaeflos in the treatment of diabetes by network pharmacology, and to reveal the potential mechanism.

    Methods

    According to TCMSP, the active components and corresponding targets ofLonicerae japonicaeflos were analysis under the conditions of pharmacokinetic parameters [oral bioavailability (OB) ≥ 30%, drug-likeness (DL) ≥ 0.18]. The diabetic targets of active components ofLonicerae japonicaeflos were screened by Gene cards and OMIM database. The “component-target-disease” network was constructed by Cytoscape 3.8.2, and the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was established by String database. Then, the potential diabetic targets ofLonicerae japonicaeflos analysis of gene ontology (GO) function and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways were analyzed by R 4.0.4 language and Bioconductor. RCSB PDB and TMSCP database, Pymol and AutoDockTools-1.5.6 software were used for molecular docking ofLonicerae japonicaeflos core compounds and targets.

    Results

    A total of 16 main active components were screened fromLonicerae japonicaeflos, and 120 targets were predicted for the treatment of diabetes. Go function analysis and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis showed that the mechanism ofLonicerae japonicaeflos in the treatment of diabetes mainly involves the biological processes such as DNA binding transcription factor binding, RNA polymerase Ⅱ specific DNA binding transcription factor binding, and it plays a role through multiple pathways such as lipid and arteriosclerosis, PI3K-Akt and TNF signaling pathway signaling pathway. Molecular docking results showed that luteolin, quercetin and kaempferol in the core compounds ofLonicerae japonicaeflos had high affinity for AKT1.

    Conclusion

    The anti-diabetes mechanism byLonicerae japonicae flos is the result of multi-component, multi-target and multi-channel, which provides a theoretical basis for the further study ofLonicerae japonicaeflos in the treatment of diabetes.

  • Review
    Tianqi PAN, Hua TIAN, Shutong YAO
    Journal of Shandong First Medical Unversity & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences. 2022, 43(2): 156-160. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.2097-0005.2022.02.015
    Abstract(572) PDF(3111) HTML(103) Knowledge map Save

    Pyroptosis is different from other types of cell death in morphologically and mechanistically, and it is a type of cell death that relies on the inflammasome. Activated caspase-1 can induce pyroptosis, and cells secrete pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β and IL-18, which are widely involved in the progression of various chronic diseases, such as atherosclerosis and type 2 diabetes. Some studies have shown that defects in autophagy can stimulate pyroptosis and accelerate the process of atherosclerosis. This article summarizes the research progress of pyroptosis and its role in the development of atherosclerosis in recent years, and discusses whether the relationship between pyroptosis and autophagy can be used as a new target for the prevention and treatment of atherosclerosis.

  • Clinical Researches
    Yingying Zhang, Chong Zhang, Long Zang
    Journal of Shandong First Medical Unversity & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences. 2021, 42(8): 584-587. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.2097-0005.2021.08.005
    Objective

    To explore and analyze the clinical efficacy of metformin combined with diet control exercise therapy in the treatment of community diabetes with high BMI.

    Methods

    Selected 76 cases of community diabetes patients with high BMI from February 2018 to March 2019, the patients were randomly divided into control group (n= 38) and observation group (n= 38),control group simply used metformin treatment,observation group used metformin combined diet control exercise therapy treatment,comparing the treatment effect of two groups of patients.

    Results

    The fasting blood glucose (FPG) level,2h postprandial blood glucose (2 hPG) level,glycosylated hemoglobin (HbAlc) level,and body mass index (BMI) levels of the observation group were lower than those of the control group (P< 0.05); the observation group was The total effective rate of the treatment was significantly higher than that of the control group,and the incidence of adverse reactions was lower than that of the control group. The difference between the groups was significant and statistically significant (P< 0.05).

    Conclusion

    In the community diabetic patients with high BMI,the use of metformin combined with diet control exercise therapy can effectively reduce the patient's blood glucose level and body mass index level,the incidence of adverse reactions in patients is low, and the clinical treatment effect is significant. High promotion value.

  • Clinical Researches
    Qian Wang, Hongling Xiao, Yunjiu Xiao, Meiling Chen, Yiting Zhang
    Journal of Shandong First Medical Unversity & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences. 2021, 42(7): 534-539. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.2097-0005.2021.07.011
    Objective

    To evaluate the effect of predictive nursing on Alzheimer's disease patients.

    Methods

    Databases from CNKI, Wanfang, VIP, CBM, Pubmed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science and Embase were collected, the search time limit was June 2020 in database building, and randomized controlled trials were included. Selected studies data were performed with RevMan 5.3 software.

    Results

    A total of 17 articles were included, with a total sample size of 1366 cases. Meta-analysis results showed that predictive care could improve the quality of life of patients with Alzheimer′s disease[MD= 5.90, 95%CI(3.94, 7.86),P< 0.000 01], and increase the effective rate of treatment [RR= 2.40, 95%CI(1.99, 2.89),P< 0.000 01], improve patient satisfaction [RR= 2.25, 95%CI(1.64, 3.09),P< 0.000 01], reduce patient complication rate [RR= 0.23, 95%CI(0.13, 1.40),P< 0.000 01].

    Conclusion

    The current evidence preliminarily shows that predictive nursing intervention for Alzheimer's disease may improve the quality of life of patients, improve the effectiveness of nursing and reduce complications. However, in view of the low quality of the included articles, high-quality, multi-center randomized controlled trials are needed for further verification support in the future.

  • Basic Researches
    Li Zhang, Feng Li, Yueyan Liu, Yanmei Wang, Chenchen Zhang
    Journal of Shandong First Medical Unversity & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences. 2021, 42(9): 651-656. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.2097-0005.2021.09.003
    Objective

    To study the effect of interfering uncoupling protein 2 expression on apoptosis and autophagy induced by hypoxia.

    Methods

    The expressions of UCP2 in H9C2 myocardial cells after hypoxia were detected by RT-q PCR. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) fluorescence assay was used to detect the effect of UCP2 interference on intracellular ROS level. The apoptotic rate was detected by flow cytometry. The effects of UCP2 interference on cleaved-caspase 3 were further detected by Western blotting. The cell damage related factors were detected by ELISA: lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), creatine kinase (CK), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-a). The expression levels of membrane LC3/cytoplasmic LC3 (LC3-?Ⅱ/LC3-?Ⅰ), autophagy gene Beclin-1 and p62 were detected.

    Results

    The expression of UCP2 was significantly increased in H9C2 cells under hypoxia. Interference with UCP2 expression could reduce the increase of ROS level in H9C2 cells induced by hypoxia. Interference with UCP2 expression could reduce the apoptotic rate of H9C2 cells and the expression levels of LDH, CK, IL-6 and TNF-alpha in hypoxic environment. In Western blotting, interfering with UCP2 expression could decrease the expression of LC3-?Ⅱ/LC3-?Ⅰ and Beclin-1, and increase the expression of p62.

    Conclusion

    Interference with UCP2 can reduce ROS level in cells induced by hypoxia, and inhibit apoptosis and autophagy induced by hypoxia.

  • Clinical Researches
    Haiming Zhai
    Journal of Shandong First Medical Unversity & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences. 2021, 42(8): 628-631. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.2097-0005.2021.08.017
    Objective

    To study the application effect of modified transurethral plasma resection of prostate in the treatment of high-risk prostatic hyperplasia.

    Methods

    A total of 80 high-risk patients with BPH admitted to our hospital from June 2019 to July 2020 were randomly divided into control group and observation group with 40 patients in each group.Forty patients in the control group were treated with conventional transurethral prostatic plasma electrotomy, while 40 patients in the observation group were treated with modified transurethral prostatic plasma electrotomy.Then statistical analysis was made on surgical indicators,Q-MAX,IPSS score,PVR,QOL score, postoperative complications and satisfaction of patients in the two groups.

    Results

    The operation time and hospitalization time of patients in the observation group were significantly shorter than those in the control group, and the differences between the groups were statistically significant (P <0.05). The amount of intraoperative bleeding and blood transfusion in the observation group were significantly less than those in the control group, and the differences between the groups were statistically significant (P< 0.05).The increase of Q-MAX,QOL score,IPSS score and PVR in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P< 0.05).The incidence of postoperative complications was 2.50% (1/40) in the observation group and 22.50% (9/40) in the control group,with the former significantly lower than the latter (P< 0.05).In terms of satisfaction,the observation group was 92.50% (37/40) and the control group was 75.00% (30/40),the former was significantly higher than the latter (P<0.05).

    Conclusion

    The modified transurethral plasma resection of prostate is very effective in the treatment of high risk prostatic hyperplasia,so it is worth promoting in the treatment of high risk prostatic hyperplasia patients.

  • Review
    Keping Zhang, Longfei Gujing, Jianqiao Jiao, Xinran Liu, Fangshuo Yuan, Li Zhang, Jinguo Li, Zhaoqiang Zhang
    Journal of Shandong First Medical Unversity & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences. 2021, 42(9): 717-720. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.2097-0005.2021.09.018

    Molecular hydrogen is a highly reductive substance and has been widely studied as a selectively antioxidant. It can buffer the effects of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in tissue and has anti-oxidation, anti-inflammation, as well as anti-apoptotic functions. There are interaction effects between autophagy and ROS. Using molecular hydrogen can regulate the balance between oxidative stress and autophagy, regulates excessive autophagy and enhances insufficient autophagy, reduces levels of ROS, and maintains cellular homeostasis. In this brief review, it is aimed to elucidate related effects of molecular hydrogen for a reference for future studies.