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08 November 2011, Volume 38 Issue 11 Previous IssueNext Issue

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PUMA gene in cancer treatment LUAN Qing-Chun, WANG Hai-Juan, QIAN Hai-Li, et al 2011, 38 (11): 803-805. Abstract( 1020) PDF(663KB) ( 2100) Save PUMA (p53 up-regulated modulator of apoptosis) is a recently discovered Bcl-2 family member which could be rapidly induced by p53 and has strong pro-apoptotic effects. PUMA has attracted much attention in the research of life science. PUMA expression results in potent growth suppression of some cancer cells through induction of apoptosis．PUMA can also significantly sensitize some cancer cells to chemotherapeutic agents and irradiation through induction of apoptosis. PUMA is potentially useful in gene therapy of tumor. But recently, researchers have also found that PUMA participates in the process of carcinogenesis and possessed important biological functions. Related Articles|Metrics

Relationship between MicroRNA and the self-renewal of cancer stem cells MA Xiao-Ling, JIANG Hua, CHEN Tong 2011, 38 (11): 806-808. Abstract( 730) PDF(699KB) ( 2009) Save Cancer stem cells (CSC) are related to the progression, recurrence and drug-resistance of tumor. MicroRNAs have been reported to correlate to the self-renewal of cancer cells. They can regulate cell cycle and thus interfere with the cell fate. Recent publications have clarified that microRNA can effect on cancer stem cells’ self-renewal either by regulate targeted genes directly, or through wnt, notch and Hedgehog pathways. Related Articles|Metrics

Epithelial-mesenchymal transition and cancer stem cells GAO Yan, MA Xiu-Mei 2011, 38 (11): 809-812. Abstract( 800) PDF(927KB) ( 2380) Save Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is the basis of biological process of embryonic development, and is also closely related with tumor cell in situ invasion and distant metastasis. Recent studies find that EMT and cancer stem cells (CSCs) have a close relationship. CSCs have a strong ability to self-renewal,tumorigenicity and cell differentiation potential. Identifing the markers, in-depth study of CSCs resistance, may provide a new path for cancer treatment Related Articles|Metrics

Myeloid derived suppressor cells mediated suppress immunity YANG Bao-Hong, YU Jin-Pu, REN Xiu-Bao 2011, 38 (11): 813-815. Abstract( 938) PDF(703KB) ( 2993) Save There exists a population of myeloid-origin cells that are associated with tumor immune escape in cancer patients,commonly termed as myeloid derived suppressor cells(MDSCs). MDSCs accumulate in the blood,lymph nodes,bone marrow, and inhibit both adptive and innate immunity.Different suppressive mechanisms are used by MDSCs to block tumor immunity. Reducing the numbers of MDSCs or inhibiting the suppressive pathway conducted by MDSCs will bring new highlight to biotherapy in tumor treatment. Related Articles|Metrics

Effects of insulinoma-glucagonoma clone 20 isoforms on cancer cells WEI Yu-Ping, DONG Liang, BI Wen-Xiang 2011, 38 (11): 816-818. Abstract( 729) PDF(698KB) ( 1702) Save Insulinoma-glucagonoma clone 20 can express at least 6 isoforms in human cells. These isoforms can affect cell apoptosis and proliferation through apoptosis related signaling pathway, such as TRAIL or TNF signaling pathways. Furthermore, insulinoma-glucagonoma clone 20, as a GTP-GDP exchange factor, participates in the transportation of nerve synaptophysins. Related Articles|Metrics

Endothelial monocyte-activating polypeptide-Ⅱand tumor TAN Jia-Yu, HUANG Xiang 2011, 38 (11): 819-822. Abstract( 674) PDF(713KB) ( 1558) Save Endothelial monocyte-activating polypeptide-Ⅱ (EMAP-Ⅱ) is a novel proinflammatory cytokine with proinflammatory, proapoptotic and antiangiogenic properties. It is associated with many tumor-associated proteins, such as tumor necrosis factor, vascular endothelial growth factor, hypoxia inducible factor-1α, arginyl-tRNA synthetase, and insulin-like growth factor-Ⅰ. EMAP-Ⅱ has anti-tumor properties and has a good prospect in cancer prevention and treatment. Related Articles|Metrics

TSP-1 in cancer ZHAO Pei-Lei, GUO Ping 2011, 38 (11): 823-825. Abstract( 1342) PDF(707KB) ( 2275) Save Thrombospondin-1 expresses in a variety of tumors and induces endothelial cell apoptosis, thus inhibits tumor angiogenesis and prevents tumor growth. It function domain (TypeⅠsequence): 3TSR,retaines the function of inhibit angiogenesis ,has the certain practical significance in clinical cancer treatment. Related Articles|Metrics

Immunoregulation of galectins in tumor microenvironment CHU Zhao-Hui, LIANG Xiao-Hua 2011, 38 (11): 826-828. Abstract( 435) PDF(717KB) ( 2063) Save Related Articles|Metrics

Anti-tumor mechanisms of companion member antigen peptide tumor vaccine JIANG Yi-Qian, HUANG Chang-Xin, LI Chao-Yang, et al 2011, 38 (11): 829-832. Abstract( 716) PDF(964KB) ( 1797) Save With the continuous development of tumor immunology, cancer vaccines have become a hot spot of tumor immunotherapy. Companion member antigen peptide tumor vaccine attracts widely attention because of its chemical stability, easy preparation and no carcinogenic potential advantage. Companion member antigen peptide tumor vaccine may work through many kinds of ways including the function of antigen presenting, enhancing the body's non-specific line of anti-tumor mechanisms and activating the tumor-specific immune mechanism. Its different anti-tumor mechanisms merits and so on will have positive function in the tumor clinical immunity treatment. Related Articles|Metrics

Treatment of malignant gliomas with stem cell mediated oncolytic adenovirus YANG Chun-Hua, MAO Li-Jun 2011, 38 (11): 833-835. Abstract( 640) PDF(624KB) ( 1849) Save Oncolytic adenoviruses are genetically altered to replicate within tumor cells while exhibiting a high degree of infectivity, good safety and specificity. The use of oncolytic adenoviruses to treat malignant brain tumors has been proved to be a promising mode of cancer therapy. Local injection of adenoviral vectors fails to reach scattered infiltrative tumor cells within the brain parenchyma and the therapeutic effect of intracereberal injections of oncolytic adenoviruses is only seen in the vicinity of the injection site. To remedy this and prevent possible tumor recurrence, stem cells have been explored as vehicles for gene therapy in brain tumors given that they possess an intrinsic tropism for brain glioma. Related Articles|Metrics

miRNA gene in head and neck cancer ZHANG Kang, MA Jing, SUI Jun, et al 2011, 38 (11): 836-838. Abstract( 665) PDF(615KB) ( 1667) Save MicroRNAs (miRNAs) regulate target genes expression in the post-transcriptional levels. There are many kinds of differential expressions of miRNA in head and neck cancer, and the miRNA participate in a series of important biological processes such as cell development, proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis and etc. miRNAsis expected to become an effective means for the diagnosis and treatment of head and neck cancer. Related Articles|Metrics

Concurrent status of chemotherapy and radiotherapy of nasopharyngeal carcinoma CHEN Shao-Jun, HUANG Hai-Xin, LI Gui-Sheng 2011, 38 (11): 839-841. Abstract( 736) PDF(724KB) ( 1706) Save Intensity-modulated radiation therapy(IMRT)is a more advanced radiotherapy technique than routine radiotherapy, and has been effectively utilized in the treatment of nasopharyngeal carcinoma(NPC). Rradiotherapy alone has disappointing effect to local advanced cases．Nevertheless，chemoradiotherapy provides long term survival. Chemoradiotherapy is becoming the standard therapeutic regimen for local advanced NPC. But different ways of chemomdiotherapy such as induction，concurrent，adjuvant chemotherapy still need to be defined. Related Articles|Metrics

Applicationof imaging techniques in evaluation of radiotherapeutic effect for esophageal carcinoma REN Xue-Jiao, HAN Chun 2011, 38 (11): 842-844. Abstract( 865) PDF(724KB) ( 1810) Save The gold standard evaluation criteria of radiotherapeutic effect at the present time is the three-level classification of X-ray barium meal. However，this method has certain limitations. Morphological changes in esophagus wall and metastases after radiotherapy can be observed on computed tomography scanning. A positron emission tomography scan is a sensitive imaging test to observe the metabolic activity in pathologic cells and tissues. And diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging could provide the esophageal tumor necrosis information after radiotherapy by observing the changes of water molecular diffusion. With the development ofmedical imaging techniques, using various means in a comprehensive way to evaluate radiotherapeutic effect for esophageal carcinoma patients may become a trend. Related Articles|Metrics

Application status quo of sentinel lymph node detection in mediastinal lymphadenectomy of non-small cell lung cancer HAO Shao-Yu, SONG Ping-Ping, LIU Xi-Bin, et al 2011, 38 (11): 845-848. Abstract( 692) PDF(751KB) ( 1703) Save In surgical operation of the non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)，the resection of lymph node involvement is highly correlated with the prognosis of NSCLC patients．The precise estimation of localized lymph node involved and the determination of relevant pattern of lymphadenectomy are the significant predictors for the prognosis and postoperative treatment in NSCLC patients． Therefore to identify the lymph node metastasis earlier has more important significance for tumor clinical staging and making therapeutic schedule．In recent years，the value of sentinel lymph node (SLN)has attracted more and more researchers attention in detecting the occult lymph node micrometastases and surgical staging. Related Articles|Metrics

Research progress of radiation pneumonitis CHEN Cheng, LI Jian-Cheng 2011, 38 (11): 849-851. Abstract( 778) PDF(733KB) ( 2478) Save Radiation pneumonitis (RP) is one of the most common toxicities in patients with lung cancer treated by radiotherapy, which limits the delivered dose and may thus hampers tumor control, then lowers the patients ,life quality. Based on the progress of molecular biology, RP may be regarded as a continuous progression of events induced by various cytokines involving numerous cells. Researches on gene polymorphisms indicate different mechanisms in the pathogenesis of RP among different races. Besides, more studies focus on the predictive value of dosimetric parameters such as V 20、mean lung dose(MLD) and biological markers such as transforming growth factor-β(TGF-β1). Decreasing use of drugs which may exacerbate RP and increasing use of modern treatments may be beneficial in the prevention. Meanwhile as the respect of drug prevention, more and more emphases are being placed on the target molecule of radiation-induced injury. Related Articles|Metrics

Family of ADAMs and gastric and colorectal cancer ZHENG Wei-Qiang, TAO Kai-Xiong 2011, 38 (11): 852-854. Abstract( 754) PDF(617KB) ( 2107) Save The ADAMs(a disintegrin and metalloproteinase) are a family of transmembrane or secreted proteins with important roles in cell fusion, adhesion, degradation of extracellular matrix, proteolysis, and signaling. The most important domains of ADAMs includes metalloprotease domain and disintegrin domain. Some ADAMs have been observed in gastric and colorectal cancer, and produced a marked effects during the tumor development and metastasis. The further research of ADAMs may provide more choices for tumor target therapy. Related Articles|Metrics

MiRNA and endometrial cancer LIANG Jing, MA Ben-Hong, ZHANG Gui-Yu 2011, 38 (11): 854-857. Abstract( 652) PDF(955KB) ( 1801) Save MicroRNA is a class of non-protein coding, single-stranded small RNAs of 22-25 nucleotides length. It takes part in many physiological processes including tumorigenesis. In the present focus studis, molecular biology and bioinformatics methods are used to study the role of miRNA in endometrial carcinoma. Several miRNAs with research value have been found and their mechanisms have been investigated. Results from the studis provid valid evidence for further research. Related Articles|Metrics

Application of HPV genotype detection in prevention and treatment of cervical cancer and cervical precancerous lesions GAO Zhong-Yuan, HE Lian-Zhi 2011, 38 (11): 858-860. Abstract( 703) PDF(677KB) ( 2367) Save Epidemiological studies have shown that human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is the main cause of cervical cancers and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia(CIN).And different types of HPV have different carcinogenicity, different cervical cancer pathological types and prognoses of cervical cancer. The effective way to decrease the cervical cancer morbidity is to detect and classify the high-risk HPV infection in early time, and carry out intervention therapy in early time. Therefore, Detecting HPV subtypes in clinic will have great significance in prevention and treatment of cervical cancer and cervical precancerous. Related Articles|Metrics

Analysis of prognostic factors of local advanced glottic laryngeal cancer patients with beyond five years survival XU Zhi-Yuan, LIN Lian-Xing, LI Yi-Xuan, et al 2011, 38 (11): 861-863. Abstract( 1319) PDF(810KB) ( 1790) Save Objective To evaluate the clinical features of local advanced glottic laryngeal cancer patients with beyond five years survival and to provide help for the treatment of advanced glottic laryngeal cancer patients. Methods The data of 129 cases of patients with local advanced glottic laryngeal cancer treated in our hospital from January 1991 to August 2005 were analyzed retrospectively. They were divided into two groups based on their survival time. Forty six patients with beyond five years survival were included in the first group and the other eighty three patients were in the second group. The clinical features were compared and factors associated with survival were identified. Results Compared with the group with under five years survival, the lymph node metastatic rate before treatment was lower, patients treated concurrently with operation were more, and complete remission rate after treatment were higher in the group with beyond five years survival. The differences between two groups had statistical significant.Cox regression analysis identified only operation and complete remission rate were independent prognostic factors. Conclusion For local advanced glottic laryngeal cancer，rational comprehensive treatment and complete remission after treatment and complications prevention are important. But they need to be validated by the large-scale clinical trials. Related Articles|Metrics

Expression and significance of SIRT1 in breast cancer with diabetes mellitus ZHU Chun-Ying, GUO Shu-Qin, ZHANG Yun-Liang, et al 2011, 38 (11): 864-867. Abstract( 830) PDF(848KB) ( 1896) Save Objective To study the expressionofSIRT1 in breast cancer with diabetes mellitus，and analyze the correlationbetween SIRT1and p53，and analyze blood lipiddifferences in breast cancer tissue without diabetes mellitus and breast cancer tissue with diabetes mellitus，and to research its relation with type 2 diabetes mellitus and assesse the clinical value. Methods Immunohistochemistry was used to examine the expressions of SIRT1 and p53 in 30 breast cancer patients with diabetes mellitus and 30 breast cancer patients withoutdiabetic mellitus, and their correlation was analyzed. Results The positive rate of SIRT1 in breast cancer tissue with diabetes mellitus was significantly lower than that in breast cancer tissue withoutdiabetic mellitus（P<0.05）.In SIRT1 positive tissue, the expression level of p53 tissue was significantly higher than that in SIRT1 negative tissue（ P<0.05）.The expression of SIRT1 was significantly positively related with p53 expression in breast cancer tissue with diabetes（P<0.05）. BMI and TG in breast cancer group with diabetes mellitus were significantly higher than those in breast cancer group withoutdiabetic mellitus（P<0.05）, but HDL was lower(P=0.05).However, CHO and LDL had no significant differences in both groups(P>0.05). Conclusions SIRT1 is up-regulated in breast cancer, but the positive rate of SIRT1 in breast cancer tissue with diabetes mellitus is significantly lower than that in breast cancer tissue withoutdiabetic, and is associated with the progression of diabetes mellitus. SIRT1 protein is significantly positively correlated to p53 expression and it may be involved in the adjustment process of blood lipids, SIRT1 might be a new biological targetin diabetes andbreast cancer. Related Articles|Metrics

Expressions of S100A4 and uPA and the correlation with pancreatic cancer prognosis JIA Fu-Xin, LIU Jiang-Wei, ZHANG Dong, et al 2011, 38 (11): 868-872. Abstract( 780) PDF(1059KB) ( 1896) Save Objective To study the expressions of S100A4 and urokinase plasminogen activator(uPA)in pancreatic cancer cells and their correlation with patients prognosis. Methods The expressions of S100A4 and uPA were examined in 63 surgical specimens of primary pancreatic carcinoma with immunohistochemistry PV methods, and correlation of their expressions and prognosis of pancreatic cancer was analyzed．Results (1)Positive immunostaining for S100A4 and uPA was observed in 74.6%(47 cases) and 65.1%(44 cases) of 63 pancreatic cancer samples respectively. (2) The positive expressions of S100A4 and uPA were significantly correlated in pancreatic cancer( P=0.000， r=0.567).(3)The expression of S100A4 significantly correlated with TNM stages( P=0.002),lymph node metastasis( P=0.002)and distant metastasis( P=0.007).The expression of uPA had a significant correlation with TNM stages( P=0.002), lymph node metastasis( P=0.001）and differentiation（ P=0.003). (4)Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed that the median survival(21 months)of patients with S100A4(-)was significantly longer than the median survival(9 months)of the patients with S100A4(+)( P= 0.000);the median survival(9 months) of patients with uPA(+) was significantly shorter than the median survival (18 months) of the patients with uPA(-)( P=0.000);the median survival(23 months)of 13 patients with S100A4(-)/uPA(-)was significantly longer than the median survival of other cases(Log-rank test， χ2=54.444， P=0.000).(5)Cox regression model( χ2= 53.974, P=0.000）analysis suggested: the differentiation( P=0.004),lymph node metastasis( P=0.017)、S100A4(+) expression（ P=0.000)and uPA(+)expression( P=0.001)were independent prognostic factors for pancreatic cancer. Conclusion S100A4 and uPA are highly expressed in pancreatic cancer cells, and S100A4 expression has positive correlation with uPA expression, which indicates that the overexpression of S100A4 and uPA maybe poor prognosis factors for pancreatic cancer patients. S100A4 maybe promote extracellular matrix and basement membrane degradation by up-regulation of uPA protein expression, and ultimately promote tumor invasion and metastasis, which is not favorable to prognosis.They may be potential indicators of metastasis and predictors for prognosis of pancreatic cancer. Related Articles|Metrics

Expression and clinical significance of EpCAM and β-catenin pathway in colon cancer ZHOU Feng-Qiang, QI Yan-Mei, LI Xin-Jun, et al 2011, 38 (11): 873-875. Abstract( 735) PDF(647KB) ( 1605) Save Objective To investigate the expressions and clinical pathological significance of EpCAM and the β-catenin pathway in colon cancer, and the correlation between EpCAM andβ-catenin.Methods Immunohistochemistry was used to detecte the expressions of EpCAM and β-catenin proteins in colon cancer tissues and corresponding adjacent tissues of 70 cases of colon cancer patients ,the clinical and pathological features of colon cancer and their relationship were retrospective analyzed.Results:⑴EpCAM and β-catenin protein expressions in colon cancer tissue was 52 cases (74.3%) and 55 (78.6%) positive respectively; EpCAM and β-catenin proteins in cancer adjacent tissues in 13 cases(15.7%) and 9 cases (12.9%) were positive, the differences were statistically significant.⑵the EpCAM expression is positively correlated with the β-catenin expression (r=0.616, P＜0.01).⑶ The expressions of EpCAM and β-catenin correlated with the tumor differentiation, invasion depth, lymph node metastasis and TNM staging related ( P＜0.05).Conclusion: EpCAM and β-catenin pathways in colon cancer positively correlate, and closely correlate with colon cancer. The expression level of EpCAM and β-catenin can be used as a reference for the colon disease course and healing. Related Articles|Metrics

The expression of Oct4 protein in non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer JIANG Hai-Feng, ZHANG Lian-Hua, BAO Juan-Jie, et al 2011, 38 (11): 876-878. Abstract( 692) PDF(877KB) ( 1551) Save Objective To investigate the expression of Oct4 protein and analyze the clinic pathological features and prognosis in non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer. Methods Oct4 protein expression was assessed by immunohistochemical analysis of 87 specimens of bladder transitional cell carcinoma and 15 specimens of adjacent normal tissues. A correlation between Oct4 and clinic pathological features was analyzed. Results The positive rate of Oct4 protein was significantly higher in bladder cancer than that in normal bladder tissue（ P<0.01）. The positive rate of Oct4 protein was 40.7% in G1 bladder cancer, 69.4% in G2 bladder cancer and 91.7% in G3 bladder cancer, of which the differences was significant ( P<0.01). All patients were followed up for 3-78 months, and 63 of them relapsed. The expression of Oct4 protein was significantly higher in patients of recurrence than in non-recurrence (77.8%vs.37.5%, P<0.01). 21 patients of recurrence were in progression, and the expression of Oct4 protein had no significant differences between patients of progression and non-progression (71.4%vs65.2%, P>0.05). The positive rate of Oct4 protein was not related with sex, age, tumor number and size ( P>0.05). Conclusion The detection of Oct4 protein is in favor of early detection of bladder tumor, estimation the degree of differentiation and surveillance for recurrence of superficial bladder cancer. Related Articles|Metrics