betway必威登陆网址 (betway.com )学报››2022,Vol. 43››Issue (6): 416-421.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.2097-0005.2022.06.003

• 基础研究 •上一篇下一篇

代际支持对老年人抑郁、孤独感和主观幸福感的影响

张萌1(), 高传丽1, 张冉冉1, 崔媛媛1, 冯慧娜1, 张艳美2, 苏静1()

  1. 1.betway必威登陆网址 (betway.com )护理学院,山东 泰安 271016
    2.betway必威登陆网址 第三附属医院内分泌与老年病科,山东 济南 250031
  • 收稿日期:2022-01-27出版日期:2022-06-25发布日期:2022-06-24
  • 通讯作者:苏静
  • 作者简介:张萌,betway必威登陆网址 2018级护理学本科, E-mail:1535083929@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    山东省大学生创新创业训练计划(S202110439125)

Effects of intergenerational support on depression, loneliness and subjective well-being in older adults

Meng ZHANG1(), Chuanli GAO1, Ranran ZHANG1, Yuanyuan CUI1, Huina FENG1, Yanmei ZHANG2, Jing SU1()

  1. 1.School of Nursing,Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences,Taian 271016,China
    2.Department of Endocrinology and Geriatrics,The Third Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University,Jinan 250031,China
  • Received:2022-01-27Online:2022-06-25Published:2022-06-24
  • Contact:Jing SU

摘要: 目的

本研究调查老年人(≥ 60岁)的代际支持现状及其对老年人抑郁、孤独感和主观幸福感的影响。

方法

采用方便抽样的方法于2021年7月至2022年1月在济南市某社区选取年龄 ≥ 60岁的老年人进行横断面调查。采用一般状况调查表(自行设计)、代际支持问卷、简化老年人抑郁量表(geriatric depression scale, GDS-15)、加州大学洛杉矶分校(Univesity of Califorrnia at LosAngels, UCLA)孤独感量表、纽芬兰纪念大学幸福度量表(memorial university of Newfoundland scale of happiness, MUNSH)对老年人进行问卷调查,共纳入557名老年人。采用SPSS 21.0进行描述统计分析、独立样本t检验和独立样本Mann-WhitneyU检验等。

结果

(1)代际支持对老年人抑郁的影响。给子女经济支持的老年人抑郁得分高于未给予的;未给子女提供照料行为的老年人抑郁得分高于给予的,差异均具有统计学意义(P< 0.05)。(2)代际支持对老年人孤独感的影响。给予子女经济支持的老年人的孤独感得分低于未给予的;子女未给予经济支持的老年人的孤独感得分低于子女给予的;有心事时最多向子女倾诉的老年人孤独感得分低于未向子女倾诉的,差异均具有统计学意义(P< 0.05)。(3)代际支持对老年人主观幸福感的影响。子女给予经济支持的老年人幸福感得分高于未给予的;给子女提供照料行为的老年人的幸福感得分高于未给予的;平时与子女聊天最多的和有心事时最多向子女倾诉的老年人幸福感得分低于不是和子女聊天最多的和未向子女倾诉的老年人,差异均具有统计学意义(P< 0.05)。

结论

双向的代际支持会对老年人的抑郁症状、孤独感和主观幸福感产生显著影响,子女要重视与老年人的双向代际支持,从而提升老年人的幸福感,促进积极老龄化、健康老龄化。

关键词:老年人,代际支持,抑郁,孤独感,主观幸福感

Abstract: Objective

This study investigated the current status of intergenerational support among older adults (≥ 60 years old) and its effects on depression, loneliness, and subjective well-being of older adults.

Methods

A cross-sectional survey was conducted using a convenience sampling method from July 2021 to January 2022 among selected older adults aged ≥ 60 years in the Jinan community. The General Status Questionnaire (self-designed), Intergenerational Support Questionnaire, Simplified Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS-15), Univesity of Califorrnia at LosAngels (UCLA) Loneliness Scale, Memorial University of Newfoundland Happiness were administered to 557 older adults. SPSS 21 was used for descriptive statistical analysis, independent samplet-test and independent sample Mann-WhitneyU-test.

Results

(1) Effect of intergenerational support on depression. Depression scores were higher in older adults who gave financial support to their children than in those who did not; depression scores were higher in older adults who did not provide caregiving behaviors to their children than in those who did, and all differences were statistically significant (P< 0.05). (2) The effect of intergenerational support on older adults' loneliness. The loneliness scores of older adults who gave financial support to their children were lower than those who did not; the loneliness scores of older adults whose children did not give financial support were lower than those whose children did; the loneliness scores of older adults who confided in their children most often when they had something on their mind were lower than those who did not, and the differences were all statistically significant (P< 0.05). (3)The effect of intergenerational support on the subjective well-being of the elderly. The well-being scores of older adults whose children gave them financial support were higher than those who did not; the well-being scores of older adults who provided caregiving behaviors to their children were higher than those who did not; the well-being scores of older adults who talked to their children most often were lower than those who did not talk to their children most often; the well-being scores of older adults who talked to their children most often when they had something on their mind were lower than those who did not talk to their children, and the differences were statistically significant (P< 0.05).

Conclusion

Two-way intergenerational support can have significant effects on depressive symptoms, loneliness and subjective well-being of older adults. Children should attach importance to two-way intergenerational support with the elderly, so as to enhance the well-being of older adults, and promote positive and healthy aging.

Key words:older adults,intergenerational support,depression,loneliness,subjective well-being